7. the SC as a promoter of Civil Rights

Question 1

key term

part primary voting

Answer 1

voting for presidential candidates by registered members of political parties (before actual presidential election)

Question 2

key figure

Thurgood Marshall

Answer 2

an AA lawyer 
from 1934 worked for NAACP 
appointe an appeal judge in 1961 
solicitor general in 1965 
became a SC justice in 1976

Question 3

Smith v. Allwright

when? what?

Answer 3

1944

unconstitutional for AA to be exluded from party primar voting

Question 4

Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

when? what? who took it to supreme court?

Answer 4

1954
segregation illegal
NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall

Question 5

Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

provoked

Answer 5

violence/protest in south

required use of federal armed forced to enforce

Question 6

Boynton v. Virginia
when?
what?

Answer 6

1960

confirmed segregation of transport was unconstitutional -> freedom rides

Question 7

Alexander v. Holmes County

when? what?

Answer 7

1969

insisted on more rapid desegregation of schools

Question 8

Swann v Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education
when
what

Answer 8

1971
approved plans for forced desegregation by busing children from white suburbs into inner city areas with more black children

Question 9

key term

bussing

Answer 9

policy of ensuring children wer in mixed race schools to help socially disadvantaged AA
unpopular among whites = disturbances in Kentucky 1975-76

Question 10

high points of courts importance?

Answer 10

1896 legal backing to segregation

1956 legal backing to integration