7. The Bessemer Process: A Tale of Two Inventors and One Businessman Flashcards
1
Q
Making iron
A
- iron ore, coke, and limestone-> pig iron
2
Q
Advantages of Steel
A
- easier to work with (malleable)
- 120 lbs per American for iron
- more demand
3
Q
Robert Mushet
A
made up the process of Recarbarization
4
Q
Recarbarization
A
- could melt the pig iron and then adding the precise amounts of elements back into the liquid steel
- can make steel in 20 minutes
5
Q
Andrew Carnegie’s steel process
A
- increased efficiency
> modeled his company after how the railroad was managed. - vertically integrated
- used the Bessemer process
6
Q
Vertical integration of Carnegie steel
A
- iron ore
- steamboat fleet
- railroads
- coal mines/ coke ovens
- sales staff
7
Q
Puddling furnaces
A
- guess how long the ingots had to burn
8
Q
Rolling mills
A
- take the ingots and roll them into a shape
9
Q
Steel workers formed unions and strikes
A
- Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (AAISW)
> Homestead Riots in 1892 - Increase productivity, decrease workers and workers’ salary
