7. Signaling Molecules to Memorize Flashcards
What signaling molecule:
Stimulates neutrophil production?
G-CSF
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor
What signaling molecules:
Help to develop B Cells?
IL-1, IL-6, IL-7
What signaling molecules:
Help in T Cell development?
IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7
(Same as B Cells, but also including IL-2)
Chemokine interaction with what T Cell receptor causes tight binding to high endothelial venules and influences migration to the T Cell zone of the lymph nodes?
CCR7
What cell receptor on B Cells influences migration to the follicular region of the lymph nodes?
CXCR5
What is the function of Type 1 Interferons? (aplha and beta)
Blocks viral replication within host cells
Which TLRs are endosomal?
3, 7, 8, 9
What is the substrate for:
TLR 1 - TLR 2
AND
TLR 2 - TLR 6
Bacterial lipopeptides
What is the substrate for:
TLR 2 (by itself)
Bacterial Peptidoglycan
What is the substrate for TLR 3?
ds RNA
What is the substrate for:
TLR 4?
Lipopolysaccaride
What is the substrate for:
TLR 5?
Bacterial Flagellin
What is the substrate for:
TLR 7
ss RNA
What is the substrate for:
TLR 8?
ss RNA
What is the substrate for:
TLR 9?
CpG rich DNA
What TLR uses TRIF signaling?
TLR 3
What signaling is used by TLR 4?
MyD88
and
TRIF
What are the steps for the TLR 4 signaling pathway from MyD88 to Nfkb?
MyD88
IRAK
TRAF6
IKK
IkB
NFkB
(My ideal date (MyD88)? Go to Irak, get stuck in TRAFfic, I Kick a Kid, I Kick a Ball, and have a conversation about NFkB)
What is the function of and receptor for HMGB1?
Activates NFkB as a DAMP
RAGE is the receptor
In what class of signaling molecules is Uric Acid?
DAMP
In what class of signaling molecules are HSPs?
DAMPs
What two pro-inflammatory cytokines are released in response to HSPs?
TNF-alpha
IL-1beta
What two signaling pathways are triggered by the inflammosome?
Nf-kB and MAPK
The primary funciton of Caspase 1 is to activate which two cytokines?
IL-1beta
IL-18
What are the three scavenger receptors?
MARCO
Class A Type I
Class A Type II
What do scavenger receptors recognize and bind to on bacterial constituents?
Negative charge
What is bound by the C Type Lectin Family of receptors?
Carbohydrates
What is the healthy marker for RBCs to avoid getting killed by NK cells?
CD-47
What interleukin is responsible for neutrophil migration?
IL-8
What cytokine is produced by NK cells to stimulate macrophages?
What cytokine is produced by macrophages to stimulate NK cells?
NK cells produce IFN-y (gamma) to stimulate macrophages.
Macrophages produce IFN-1alpha to stimulate NK cells
What compliment proteins function as opsonins?
C3b, C3bi
What interleukin regulates acute phase proteins?
IL-6
What are the two anti-inflammatory cytokines discussed?
IL-10
TGF-beta
What cytokines are most commonly associated with fever production?
IL-1
TNF
(Especially IL-1)
What is the primary chemoattractant for monocytes?
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 (alpha/beta)
MIP-1
What intracellular protein blocks viral RNA translation into protein?
Protein Kinase Rna activated
(PKR)
What is activated by Type 1 IFN to mediate viral RNA degradation.
RnaseL
What signaling molecule increases MHC II production in Macrophages and Dendritic cells?
What signaling molecule increases MHC II in B Cells?
IFN-y (gamma)
IL-4
