7 - Public Health and Your Practice

Question 1

What are the differences in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy depending on your socioeconomic status?

Answer 1

Question 2

What are determinants of health?

Answer 2

Determinants of health are a range of factors that have a powerful and cumulative effect on the health of populations, communities and individuals

Question 3

What are the aims and approaches of Primary Prevention?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the aims and approaches of secondary prevention?

Answer 4

Question 5

What are the aims and approaches of tertiary prevention?

Answer 5

e.g vitamin B1 for alcohol dependence

Question 6

What health improvement services are public health responsible for?

Answer 6

Question 7

What health protection measures are public health involved in?

Answer 7

Question 8

What are the main differences in health between the richest and the poorest?

Answer 8

Question 9

How can socio-economic status be measured ?

Answer 9

Question 10

Deprivation is strongly associated with ill health.

Explain the relationship between these two factors

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the Black Report?

Answer 11

Explanation for inequalities in health

Question 12

What is the artefact explanation for inequalities in health?

Answer 12

Question 13

What is the social selection explanation for inequalities in heatlh?

Answer 13

Question 14

What is the behavioural-cultural explanation for inequalities in health?

Answer 14

• Bad choices may be rational for those whose lives are constrained by lack of resources
• Good choices may be difficult to exercise in adverse conditions

Question 15

What is the materialist explanation for inequalities in health?

Answer 15

Question 16

What is the leading cause of obesity?

Answer 16

Poverty

Question 17

What is the psychosocial explanation for inequalities in health?

Answer 17

• Psychosocial pathways act in addition to direct effects of absolute material living standards
• How social inequality make people feel, e.g poor social support, autonomy at work, job security
• Impact of stress on health directly (immune system) and indirectly (health behaviours)

Question 18

What is the relationship in health between men and women?

Answer 18

• Men die quicker, women get sicker
• Women: differences in pay, differences in family support, differences in line of work

Question 19

What is the income distribution explanation of health inequality?

Answer 19

Question 20

What 4 things can be done to reduce inequalities?

Answer 20

Question 21

What is the difference between inequality and inequity?

Question 22

What inequities are there in access to healthcare?

Answer 22

Question 23

Why can’t you trust the data about inequities in access to healthcare?

Answer 23

• Evidence is based on utilisation, difficult to interpret
• Differences in service use based on gender and ethnicity as well as deprivation

Question 24

What are some determinants of health of a patient?

Answer 24

Have to consider these when considering physical and mental symptoms of a patient

Question 25

Briefly outline the six explanations in the Black Report

Answer 25