7. Overcoming Firefighter Equipment Challenges Flashcards
____ is the most important component of the turnout gear.
The thermal liner
The thermal layer and moisture barrier account for up to ____ of the thermal protection performance.
75%
Thermal liners work by ____
trapping air in and between layers of non woven material that is quilted.
The ideal combination of thermal liner material offers ____
wick ability, mobility, comfort, and moisture management.
Thermal liners that contain multilayer non woven materials absorb ____ moisture, and remain ____, ____, and ____.
- less
* Drier, thinner, and lighter
The ____ provides resistance to water, chemicals, and viral agents.
moisture barrier
The moisture barrier is constructed with ____
an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) permeable film barrier laminated to a woven or non woven flame resistant material.
The outer shell of turnout gear provides ____ of the total thermal protection and shielding of the inner components.
25% to 30%
The outer shell of turnout gear provides ____ and protection from ____ and ____.
- flame resistance
* cuts and abrasions.
Although the conditions in which they work are often different, all firefighters, regardless of their specific jobs, can aid their protection by choosing base layers that offer an ____
increased thermal protection.
Garments made of materials that ____ are very detrimental to the wearer.
can melt
Cotton base layers are not detrimental to the wearer, but do not assist in wicking and will hold moisture, potentially adding to the risk of ____
steam burns
NFPA ____ establishes not only the minimum performance requirements for PPE, it also specifies the test methods by which the PPE will be measured.
1971
During the forced air oven test, materials shall not melt, drip, or ignite after exposure to ____ for ____ minutes and fabrics cannot shrink more than ____ in any direction.
- 500 degrees F
- 5 minutes
- 10%
NFPA 1971 specifies that firefighting turnouts must have a minimum of ____ TPP (thermal protective performance) rating
35
If your gear has a TPP rating of 35 you only have ____ seconds to retreat to safety, extinguish, or kill the flashover before the rapidly progressing fire burns you.
17.5 seconds
PPE must have a CCHR rating of at least ____.
25
All protective gear that is more than ____ years old must be retired and replaced.
10 years old
Advanced inspection of all personal turnout gear ensembles and ensemble elements be conducted at a minimum of every ____, or whenever ____.
- 12 months
* routine inspections indicate that a problem may exist.
After incidents where firefighters are exposed to toxic gases from smoke, members should consider wiping down skin in the area of ____, ____, ____, ____, and other heavily exposed areas with remoistened wipes.
neck, jawline, hands, face,
The most important factor in the selection of turnout gear is to ____.
match the specific fabric combination and specifications of turnout garments with key department criteria
To provide the maximum amount of protection for the firefighters wearing them, turnout garments must balance the need for ____ and ____.
thermal protection and for reducing the stress that the gear adds.
____, ____, ____, ____, ____, and ____ are all important considerations when selecting turnout gear.
Mobility, breathability, comfort, moisture protection, thermal protective performance, and total heat loss
The required overlap between the turnout gears jacket and pants is at least ____
2 inches
What positions is the overlap between the turnout jacket and pants measured?
- Standing, hands together, reaching overhead as high as possible
- Standing, hands together, reaching overhead, with body bent forward at 90 degree angle, to the left or right and back.
The weakest link of the protective ensemble is ____
the SCBA mask.
____ cannot be used to assess structural integrity from above.
Thermal imagers
Firefighters should wear their radio ____, ____, with the radio ____, with the antenna ____, and with the lapel mic wiring ____. When in this position, ____ appears out of the jacket at the ____.
- on a strap
- under the jacket
- just below the jacket
- naturally canted away from the body
- completely protected. under the jacket.
- just the mic
- top and oriented in a way that makes it easy to utilize.
Three critical reasons why the radio pocket is unsafe.
- Radio signal loss
- Portable radio ejection
- Melting of the remote speaker mic (RSM)
____ is the weakest or least protected part of the portable radio.
Remote speaker mic (RSM)
When the RSM melts they often short in such a way that ____
the affected radio transmits continuously, creating an open mic situation, therefore jamming all communications on the fireground.
