3. Fire Attack

Question 1

Your will not be successful in fire attack without an intimate knowledge of ____ and ____.

Answer 1

fire behavior, and building construction

Question 2

____ residential building fires accounted for the majority of all residential building fire deaths (71%) and dominated the overall residential building fire profile in 2016.

Answer 2

The one and two family

Question 3

Upon receiving a call for a fire in your district, you should immediately ____

Answer 3

begin to gain a visual picture of the home type.

Question 4

You should have an idea of what you are responding to if you are familiar with ____ through ____

Answer 4

your district through prefer planning.

Question 5

____, ____, ____, and ____ are all critical pieces of information that a dispatcher can obtain and should relay.

Answer 5

Water supply information, type of fire, extent of fire, and trapped occupants

Question 6

We use offensive attack when ____

Answer 6

the building is stable and not in danger of imminent collapse.

Question 7

We use defensive attack when ____

Answer 7

the building is beyond the means to effectively extinguish or the building is approaching collapse.

Question 8

What type of fire attack mode is a blitz attack?

Answer 8

Offensive attack

Question 9

The blitz attack is ____

Answer 9

a rapid attack utilizing tank water and a prepped deck gun or portable monitor.

Question 10

The transitional attack should be seen as ____

Answer 10

an action of opportunity.

Question 11

What did the 2010 UL study on the impact of ventilation show about pushing fire?

Answer 11

There were no temperature spikes in any of the rooms, especially the rooms adjacent to the fire room when water was applied from the outside. It appears that in most cases the fire was slowed down by water application and that external water application had no negative impacts to occupant survivability.

Question 12

Forcing the front door should be thought of as ____

Answer 12

ventilation

Question 13

Once a fire becomes vent limited the smoke being forced out of the gaps of the house ____

Answer 13

greatly diminishes or stops altogether. No smoke showing during size up should increase awareness of the potential conditions inside.

Question 14

The onset of firefighter untenability until flashover is often less than ____

Answer 14

10 seconds

Question 15

When fire originates on the outside of the structure, extinguishment cannot be completed until ____.

Answer 15

The seat of the fire is knocked out. Attack from the burned side and then quickly apply a second hoseline to the interior to protect occupants.

Question 16

Fog streams can push ____ when used incorrectly. When placing a fog stream through a window it could overcome ____ of the fire and change ____

Answer 16

• steam and gases
• the exhaust
• the flow path

Question 17

Even a smooth bore nozzle when moved rapidly in a circular fashion creates approximately ____ of air movement.

Answer 17

6000 CFM

Question 18

Nozzle movement should be ____

Answer 18

a half moon shape toward the top of the wall, across the ceiling, and tower the opposite side top of the wall.

Question 19

The purpose of the half moon nozzle movement is too ____

Answer 19

not disrupt the neutral plane or thermal balance and still coat the upper surfaces above firefighters heads. This leads into the science of gas cooling and what the water droplets are doing once they strike the surface.

Question 20

The ideal water droplet size for gas cooling is ____

Answer 20

0.33mm

Question 21

Why is a straight stream the preferred stream pattern for fire attack?

Answer 21

Its better for energy consumption, air movement, reach, and penetration.

Question 22

While research has shown that we can’t push fire with water, it is possible to ____.

Answer 22

push steam and gases with the air movement of the nozzle

Question 23

A droplet of water extinguishes flames, but the air from that nozzle can move gases and possibly ignite gases at a distance if ____ and if ____

Answer 23

• the stream is not being placed on the base of the fire

* the stream has significant air movement behind it.

Question 24

Recent research has shown us that it is important to get water onto the fire as fast as possible. It should not matter ____

Answer 24

which direction the water is coming from, exterior or interior, above, or below.

Question 25

A master stream from below is a technique that has been around since the ____ revolutionized the blitz attack.

Answer 25

Chicago Fire Department

Question 26

A master stream from above is typically used as ____.

Answer 26

a defensive position

Question 27

When we have buildings that have attic spaces or cocklofts, the fire is spreading laterally throughout that space. We should ____.

Answer 27

spread our hose streams laterally throughout the space to extinguish it

Question 28

An exterior fire attack takes skill and precision. The firefighter must ____

Answer 28

use a straight stream without much movement. Stream movement creates air tracks, which could reverse the flow path and push steam and gases away from the outlet (e.g. window) into which the stream is being placed. Flow water using a straight stream pointed on a steep angle at the ceiling.

Question 29

During a exterior transitional attack it is critical to use a straight stream to allow ____

Answer 29

the exit of steam from the window.

Question 30

If a fog stream seals the entire window, then opening it could create more steam on the interior that has no place to escape out the window. This could ____

Answer 30

collapse the neutral plane and make things worse for possible victims or firefighters on the interior.

Question 31

Arguably, by softening the target, the interior attack team can locate the base of the fire and possible victims more quickly, due to ____.

Answer 31

the decreased temperatures

Question 32

Proper technique for exterior attack:

Answer 32

• Use a straight stream pattern at a steep angel
• Keep the stream close to the sill and aimed at the ceiling.
• Apply short bursts of water while recognizing the fire/ smoke conditions

Question 33

The exterior attack technique will not completely extinguish the fire. It is used to ____

Answer 33

reset the clock and make the interior environment safer for victims and firefighters.

Question 34

In order to ____ you must know what your crews can and cannot accomplish.

Answer 34

make the right tactical decision

Question 35

Fires on the exterior of a building should be extinguished ____ the attack crews entering the building.

Answer 35

before of simultaneously to

Question 36

The modern construction materials used on building exteriors have a much greater ____ then materials used in the past.

Answer 36

heat release rate

Question 37

Once an exterior fire transitions to the interior you must ____

Answer 37

start attacking this fire from the outside and flowing water by the direction of travel that the fire transitioned inside. Water should be flowed into the eaves once the fire transitions through the eaves.

Question 38

If fire has transitioned from one space to another through pipes and chase ways, water should be ____.

Answer 38

flowed into those environments first.

Question 39

What has been proven to be the best method to apply water into the attic space and apply water on the actual materials that are burning?

Answer 39

Directing the hose stream into the eaves and allowing water to spread through the attic space along the underside of the roof.

Question 40

In situations where an attic fire cannot be attacked by flowing water into the eaves, you must ____

Answer 40

move to the interior. Utilizing a thermal imaging camera to determine the best place to begin creating a small hole. This is the best option as long as water can be flowed directly into the immediate are that is burning.

Question 41

Another viable tactic in situations where an attic fire cannot be attacked by flowing water into the eaves is ____

Answer 41

to pull ceiling along the exterior wall of the structure and flow water up into the space, directing the water up toward the ridge vent.