7. Oral manifestations of systemic disease

Question 1

Extra oral examination

Answer 1

Posture , habits , speech , any restricted movement

Hands , arms , face , neck

Palpitation
- already from behind the patient

Question 2

How do teeth indicate systemic disease ?

Answer 2

Abnormal odour of mineralised tooth tissue:

Tetracycline use = brown / grey colour

Fluorosis = white/ brown patches on teeth

Severe jaundice = yellow / green discolouration

Porphyria = rare hereditary disorder of haemoglobin , red/purple discolouration

Dentinogenesis = purple / brown discolouration + increased translucency

Question 3

What can cause Dental Hypoplasia?
(Underdevelopment)
(5)

Answer 3

Congenital syphilis
Severe childhood fevers
Severe fluorosis
Severe rickets
Hypoparathyroidism

Question 4

Congenital syphilis - dental hypoplasia?

Answer 4

– Notched and peg-shaped permanent incisors
– Molars may also be deformed (Moon’s molars)

Question 5

Severe childhood fevers - dental hypoplasia?

Answer 5

– Horizontal grooves or pits
– particularly of the incisors

Question 6

Severe fluorosis - dental hypoplasia?

Answer 6

– Rough pitting, white / brown
– opacities (very high fluoride areas
– eg Yemen / Sudan etc

Question 7

Severe rickets - dental hypoplasia?

Answer 7

– Grooving or pitting of the enamel