Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuroanatomy and Physiology > 7 - Cranial Nerves (Exam 2) > Flashcards

7 - Cranial Nerves (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 ways we can assess the health of CN II?

A
  1. Visual acuity testing
  2. Visual field testing
  3. Pupil evaluation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which cranial nerve is most likely to be affected by increased intracranial pressure and why?

A

CN VI
CN VI runs over the petrous ridge of the temporal bone, uncal herniation of the temporal lobe due to raised ICP may compress CN VI on the sharp petrous ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

You have a patient who is unable to smile or frown with the left side of their mouth, but is able to raise both eyebrows and close both eyes. What is the most likely site of the lesion causing this problem and why?

A

Right motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which cranial nerves have only sensory components?

A 
CN I - olfactory
CN II - optic
CN V1 - trigeminal (ophthalmic)
CN V2 - trigeminal (maxillary)
CN VIII - vestibulocochlear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which cranial nerves have only motor components?

A 
CN III - oculomotor
CN IV - trochlear
CN VI - abducens
CN XI - accessory
CN XII - hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which cranial nerves have both sensory and motor components?

A

CN V3 - trigeminal (mandibular)
CN VII - facial
CN IX - glossopharyngeal
CN X - vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When dealing with an orbital fracture, which cranial nerve will most likely be affected and why?

A

CN V2

Due to its location under the very fragile orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which cranial nerves make up the ocular group?

A

CN II - optic
CN III - oculomotor
CN IV - trochlear
CN VI - abducens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which cranial nerves make up the sensory group?

A

CN I - olfactory
CN V - trigeminal
CN VIII - vestibulocochlear
CN IX - glossopharyngeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which cranial nerves make up the motor group?

A

CN VII - facial
CN X - vagus
CN XI - accessory
CN XII - hypoglossal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which 2 cranial nerves originate in the midbrain?

A
  1. CN III

2. CN IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which 4 cranial nerves originate in the pons?

A
  1. CN V
  2. CN VI
  3. CN VII
  4. CN VIII
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which 4 cranial nerves originate in the medulla oblongata?

A
  1. CN IX
  2. CN X
  3. CN XI
  4. CN XII
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which 2 cranial nerves aren’t actually cranial nerves?

A
  1. CN I

2. CN II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What opening in the skull does CN II go through?

A

Optic canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the afferent pupil pathway?

A
  1. Retina
  2. Optic nerve (CN II)
  3. Optic chiasm
  4. Optic tract
  5. Pretectal nucleus
  6. Edinger-Westphal nucleus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the efferent pupil pathway?

A
  1. Edinger-Westphal nucleus
  2. Oculomotor nerve, superior division (CN III)
  3. Ciliary ganglion
  4. Sphincter muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where are the 2 hemi-decussations in the afferent pupil pathway?

A
  1. At the optic chiasm

2. At the pretectal nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a cause of RAPD?

A

Unilateral/ asymmetrical damage

Affected eye does not dilate directly, but does consensually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is Light-Near dissociation?

A

Pupils do not respond to light, but do to accomodation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How are light fibers and accommodative fibers different?

A

Lightfibers travel from pretectal nucleus to EW nucleus

Acc. fibers travel from frontal eye fields to EW nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What structure is the link between head movements and eye movements?

A

Superior colliculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which opening in the skull does CN III go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Does CN III provide sympathetic or parasympathetic pupil/ accommodation innervation?

A

Parasympathetic
Pupil constriction
Accommodation to near

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What muscle does CN III innervate in addition to the 4 EOMs it innervates?

A

Superior palpebral levator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What contributes fibers to CN III to assist with innervation of both levator muscles?

A

Central caudal nucleus (CCN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the group of nerve cells that innervate the EOMs?

A

Main Motor Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What 3 places does the main motor nucleus receive information from?

A
  1. Both cerebral hemispheres
  2. Superior colliculus/ pretectal nuclei
  3. Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What muscles receive innervation from the superior division of CN III?

A

Superior rectus

Superior palpebral levator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What muscles receive innervation from the inferior division of CN III?

A

Medial Rectus
Inferior Rectus
Inferior Oblique
Parasympathetic pupil fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where is the division of rami for CN III?

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What EOM does CN IV innervate?

A

Superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What opening in the skull does CN IV go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the function of the superior oblique muscle?

A

Moves the eye down and out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

When do nerve fibers from CN IV decussate?

A

Immediately after exiting dorsal aspect of midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What 3 places does the trochlear nucleus receive information from?

A
  1. Both cerebral hemispheres
  2. Superior colliculus
  3. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the longest and thinnest cranial nerve?

38
Q

What opening in the skull does CN VI go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

39
Q

What EOM does CN VI innervate?

A

Lateral rectus

40
Q

What 4 places does the abducens nucleus receive information from?

A
  1. MLF (links medial and lateral rectus)
  2. Both cerebral hemispheres
  3. Superior colliculus
  4. CN VI
41
Q

What nerve fibers wrap around the abducens nucleus?

42
Q

What is significant about the path of CN VI?

A

Travels over the petrous ridge of the temporal bone

43
Q

Should you dilate patients with symptoms of a CN VI palsy and why?

A

Yes

View the optic nerve heads, look for disc edema

44
Q

What nuclei does the medial longitudinal fasciculus connect?

A

CN VIII
CN VI - lateral rectus
CN III - medial rectus

45
Q

What is a basic summary of what the MLF does?

A

Links eye movements with vestibular control apparati

yoked muscles

46
Q

Where are the openings in the skull for CN I?

A

Openings in cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

47
Q

What type of neurons are olfactory receptors?

A

Bipolar neurons

48
Q

What is V1 of CN V?

A

Ophthalmic nerve

49
Q

What is V2 of CN V?

A

Maxillary nerve

50
Q

What is V3 of CN V?

A

Mandibular nerve

51
Q

CN V is sensory with the exception of 1 division. What is that division that carries both sensory and motor innervation?

A

V3 - mandibular nerve

52
Q

What is the acronym for openings in the skull of the branches of CN V?

A

Standing Room Only
V1 - Superior orbital fissure
V2 - foramen Rotundum
V3 - foramen Ovale

53
Q

Where is the main sensory nucleus of CN V located?

A

Posterior pons

Lateral to motor nucleus

54
Q

Where is the spinal nucleus of CN V located?

A

Medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord

55
Q

Where is the motor nucleus of CN V located?

A

Pons

Medial to main sensory nucleus

56
Q

What types of sensations does the main sensory nucleus of CN V recognize?

A

Touch

Pressure

57
Q

What types of sensations does the spinal nucleus of CN V recognize?

A

Pain

Temperature

58
Q

What type of sensation does the mesencephalic nucleus of CN V recognize?

A

Proprioceptive

59
Q

What does the motor nucleus of CN V provide innervation to?

A

The muscles of mastication

60
Q

What are the 4 nuclei of CN V?

A
  1. Main sensory nucleus
  2. Spinal nucleus
  3. Mesencephalic nucleus
  4. Motor nucleus
61
Q

Where does the large ganglion of CN V rest?

A

Meckel cave

62
Q

What areas does CN V1 provide sensory innervation to?

A 
Forehead
Scalp
Upper eyelid
Cornea
Bridge of nose
Tip of nose
Mucous membranes of paranasal sinuses/ cavities
63
Q

Where does CN V1 enter the orbit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

64
Q

What is the acronym for the three branches of CN V1 and what are the 3 branches?

A

NFL
Nasociliary nerve
Frontal nerve
Lacrimal nerve

65
Q

What is Hutchinson’s sign?

A

Vesicles present on the tip of the nose

Likely to see ocular involvement with shingles

66
Q

What areas does the CN V2 provide sensory innervation to?

A

Skin of cheek
Teeth of upper jaw
Mucous membrane of nose, maxillary sinus, palate

67
Q

Where does CN V2 enter the orbit?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

68
Q

Which branch of CN V2 is most at risk of being damaged by an orbital fracture and why?

A

Infraorbital branch

Orbital floor is easily broken and can cause damage to the infraorbital branch that runs underneath

69
Q

What area of the face does the infraorbital branch of CN V2 provide sensory innervation to?

A

The lower eyelid

70
Q

Where is the opening in the skull for CN VIII?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

71
Q

What is the function of the cochlear division of CN VIII?

72
Q

What is the function of the vestibular division of CN VIII?

A

Position/ movement of head

Balance

73
Q

Where are the 4 vestibular nuclei found, and what are they called?

A 
Found in the pons
Medial
Lateral
Superior
Inferior
74
Q

Where are the 2 cochlear nuclei found, and what are they called?

A

Found in the pons
Posterior
Anterior

75
Q

Where do a small amount of fibers that bypass the vestibular nuclei pass to?

A

The cerebellum

76
Q

Where is the opening in the skull for CN IX?

A

Jugular foramen

77
Q

Where are the three main nuclei for CN IX housed?

A

Medulla oblongata

78
Q

What organs does CN X provide parasympathetic innervation to?

A 
Lungs
Heart
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
79
Q

Where is the opening in the skull for CN X?

A

Jugular foramen

80
Q

Are the paths of the left and right CN X mirrored?

A

No

very different as the organs of the thorax and abdomen are not mirrored

81
Q

Where are the nuclei for CN X housed?

A

Medulla oblongata

82
Q

Where are the openings in the skull for CN VII?

A

Internal acoustic meatus
Facial canal
Stylomastoid foramen

83
Q

What are the 3 nuclei of CN VII?

A
  1. Main motor nucleus
  2. Parasympathetic nuclei
  3. Sensory nucleus
84
Q

What nucleus do the motor fibers of CN VII wrap around?

A

CN VI nucleus

85
Q

How is an upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion of CN VII differentiated from a lower motor neuron (LMN) lesion of CN VII?

A

UMN lesion results in contralateral bottom 1/2 of face losing innervation
LMN lesion results in ipsilateral hemiparesis (down midline of face)

86
Q

What is another name for a LMN lesion and what are 2 possible causes?

A

Bell’s Palsy

  1. Inner ear infection
  2. Herpes simplex 1
87
Q

What is the function of the accessory nerve?

A

Shrugs the shoulders

88
Q

Where is the opening in the skull for CN XI?

A

Jugular foramen

89
Q

Where is the opening in the skull for CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal canal

90
Q

What does CN XII innervate?

A

Muscles of the tongue

Neuroanatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions