7: Complementary and Alternative Health Care: Historical Foundations of Holistic Healing Flashcards
T or F: Many people in the United States remain skeptical about Eastern and European medical practices
T
T or F: There is a distinction between “healing” and “cure
T
Healing
= use the mind, body, and spirit to control disease, promote a sense of well-being, and enhance the quality of life
= sense of well-being, comfort, and integration of the body–mind–spirit are important characteristics
healer role
= restores health or makes a person whole again
= Compassion, empathy, touch, caring = Scientific knowledge and skill in performing caregiving activities
= respecting clients, listening, providing time, trusting intuition
= model positive health practices
Shamanism
belief regarding a shaman who is believed to be able to communicate with the spiritual world
- Primitive tribes considered illness the work of evil spirits and selected masters of the healing tradition = medicine men, witch doctors, seers, shamans
“shaman” = “he (or she) who knows”
To aid healing of tribe members, early shamans …
- used various types of communication with the spiritual world that (singing, dancing, storytelling, drawing)
- Many achieved ALTERED STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS to assist in healing rituals
many shamanic cultures used ______ substances to enter the “Otherworld”
hallucinogenic
Also entered a trance state by
- fasting
- place themselves in isolation for long periods of time
- use sensory deprivation
- undergo torture
T or F: Shaman’s have the power to descend into the realms of the dead
T
when shamans communicate with the spiritual world, they gain _______
a position of respect and power within their tribes
3 key features of shamanism
- Shamans can voluntarily enter ALTERED states of CONSCIOUSNESS
- In these states, they may experience themselves JOURNEYING to other REALMS
- They use these journeys to ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE or power and to HELP people in their community
many cultures continue to rely on shamans for healing; in _____ groups, only the shaman has the power to communicate with gods/ spirits
Native American groups
sweat lodge
built as a ceremonial sauna and is used for a purification ceremony
Asclepions
sanctuaries of healing
created a healing environment that addressed the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of individuals
had to undergo _____ or _____before entering asclepions
Once admitted, healers used …
Katharsis or purification
= Cleansing baths, purging, cleansing diet
music, dream interpretations, drama, massage, humor, baths, herbs, rest = treatment
two aspects most associated with Chinese medicine
herbal medicines
acupuncture therapy
Qi
a bodily energy that flows through unseen channels in the body called meridians
Illness is believed to occur when Qi is blocked
______ and _______ are used to unblock energy so that it can flow more freely through the body
Acupuncture and herbal medicines
what is the “mother of all healing”
ayurveda
what may have influenced ancient Chinese medicine and the humoral medicine practiced by Hippocrates in Greece
ayurveda
sages or seers
early healers of India
systemized healing after having identified Veda (the knowledge of how our world works)
* All that the sages learned was organized into the Indian healing system Ayurveda
How is ayurveda similar to TCM belief
when energy fields are blocked, they cause illness
energy fields = chakras
Anointing
dipping a finger in oil and touching a person on the forehead or another body part as a part of religious ceremony
Science Healing Revolution
Florence Nightingale
became notable for saving lives through public health practices
efforts at sanitizing the service hospitals and aiding the wounded rapidly turned around the death toll in the Crimean War
- promoted holism
Gestalt psychology
unified whole
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts—hence “holistic
where are Most scientific research on selective forms of alternative medicine practices are conducted
at the NCCIH
