7 Anterior Neck, thoracic walls and diaphragm

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid origin and insertion and action

Answer 1

Sternal Head

Origin : manubrium

Insertion : mastoid process of skull

Clavicular Head

Origin : medial 1/3 of clavicle

Insertion :mastoid process

Actions

Unilateral : laterally flex to same side, rotate head to opposite

Bilateral : extend head at atlanto-occipital joints while flexing lower cervical spine

Question 2

Lateral compartment of the neck muscles

Answer 2

Anterior, Posterior, Middle Scalene

Question 3

origin insertion and action of scalene muscles

Answer 3

Origin: C2-C7 cervical transverse process

Insertion: rib 1 +/ - rib 2

Action: elevate ribs in forced inspiration (accessory muscles of inspiration) + laterally flex/side bend the neck

Question 4

costal cartilages

Answer 4

bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs

Question 5

hyoid bone

Answer 5

U-shaped bone under the mandible bone
Structurally maintains an open airway

Question 6

mastoid process of the skull

Answer 6

pyramidal bony projection of the temporal bone at the posterior base of the skul

Question 7

Anterior Deep Neck Muscles

Answer 7

= Longus Capitis and Colli

Question 8

what are the longus capitis and colli

Answer 8

From upper thoracic spine&raquo_space; skull

Function = small movements of flexion: cranium on cervical spine and throughout the neck

Question 9

where is longus capitis

Answer 9

Question 10

where is longus colli

Answer 10

Question 11

Anterior Superficial neck Muscles

Answer 11

Infrahyoid and Suprahyoid Muscles

Stabilize, move hyoid

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: elevation (supra) and depression (infra) of hyoid bone during swallowing

Question 12

what are the infra-hyoid bones

Answer 12

anterior to posterior

sternohyoid
omohyoid
throyoid

Question 13

Anterior triangle of the Neck boundaries

Answer 13

laterally: sternocleidomastoid

superiorly: mandible

medially: mid-line of thyroid cartilage, hyoid, trachea

Question 14

contents of the anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 14

major vessels
* major arteries: carotid arteries
* major veins: internal jugular veins

Major nerves: Vagus nerve

Question 15

posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 15

1. sternocleidomastoid
   2, splenius capitsis
   3, levator scapulae
2. anterior scalene
3. middel scalene
4. trapezes

Question 16

diaphragm originates from

Answer 16

along the lumbar vertebrae of the spine and the inferior border of the ribs and sternum.

Question 17

Where is an area of potential weakness of the abdominal wall commonly located in a male

Answer 17

the inguinal canal

Question 18

Muscles that eccentrically control flexion of the cervical spine include:

Answer 18

Splenius capitis