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Year 3 - GP Block > 7&11 - Paediatrics > Flashcards

7&11 - Paediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Childhood vaccination schedule:

8 Weeks (3)
12 Weeks (3)
16 Weeks (2)
1 Year (4)
A

Childhood vaccination - First Year

8 Weeks:

I) 6 in 1
[Dipth, Polio, Pertusis, Tetanus, HiB, HepB]
II) Rotavirus
III) Men B

12 Weeks:

I) 6 in 1
II) Rotavirus
III) PCV

16 Weeks

I) 6 in 1
II) Men B

1 Year

I) Men B
II) Hib/MenC
III) PCV
IV) MMR

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2
Q

Vaccination schedule aged 1 - 18

1 Year
2-10 Years
3 Years 4 months
12 Years
14 Years
A

Vaccinations 1-18

1 Year:
I) Men B/Hib
II) Men C
III) PCV
IV) MMR

2-10 Years:
Flu

3y4m:
I) MMR
II) 4 in 1 boost
[Polio, dipth, pertusis, tetanus]

12-13: HPV

14:
3 in 1 (Td/IPV)
[Tet, Dipth, Polio]
Men ACWY

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3
Q

Viral Wheeze (< 3y) RFs

A
  1. 1/3 children
  2. Around smoke
  3. Premature bronchiolitis
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4
Q

Viral wheeze (< 3y) Tx

A
  1. SABA Inhaler

2. SABA Nebulizer + Prednisolone 2-3 days

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5
Q

Viral Wheeze DDs

A
  1. Asthma (persistant + triggers)
  2. Infection (coarse crackles + productive cough)
  3. Foreign body (sudden + choking + voice change)
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6
Q

Osgood Schlatter’s Presentation

A
  1. Unilateral knee pain (apophysitis)
  2. Growth spurt
  3. Tender on exam
  4. Exacerbated by exercise
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7
Q

Osgood Schlatter Management

A

Osgood Schlatter’s Management

  1. Paracetamol and NSAIDs (swelling)
  2. Exercise modification
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8
Q

Osgood Schlatter’s DDs

A

Osgood Schlatter’s DDs

  1. Knee injury (trauma hx and S&S)
  2. Perthes (Femoral head necrosis, males 4-8, hyper-coagulable)
  3. SCFE (Slipped capital femoral epiphysis — groin or knee pain and limp, high BMI, Trendelenburg Gain)
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9
Q

Toddler’s Diarrhoea History

A

Toddler’s Diarrhoea History

1-5 YO
2+ weeks diarrhoea
3+ daily stools
 - Watery
 - Pale
 - Smelly

Normal PR

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10
Q

Toddler’s diarrhoea management

A

Toddler’s diarrhoea management

  1. Increase fat eg. Whole milk
  2. Avoid fluids
  3. Avoid fruit juice
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11
Q

Toddler’s diarrhoea DDs

A
  1. Viral GI Infx
  2. IBD
  3. Intolerance
  4. Caeliac
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12
Q

Threadworms Treatment

A

Enterobius vulniculnaris

  1. Mebendazole cream
    Twice, 14 days apart
    Whole household
  2. Hygiene
  3. Clean nails
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13
Q

Paediatric GORD Management

A
  1. 4 Weeks PPI
  2. Ranitidine
  3. Refer
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14
Q

Paediatric GORD History

A
  1. Heartburn
  2. Vomitting
  3. Hicupping
  4. Feeding iritability
  5. Reduced sleep
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15
Q

Paediatric GORD DDs

A
  1. Psych?
    - Reflux w/o pain
  2. Migraine
  3. Mesenteric adenitis:
    - recent URTI
    - diffuse pain,
    - viral lymphadenopathy (usually cervical)
    - fever
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16
Q

Infantile Colic Criteria

A

Infant Colic:

  1. > 3 months
  2. 3+ hours of crying daily
  3. 3+days of crying per week
  4. 3+weeks

Knees-clutched-to-chest pain

17
Q

Infant colic Mx

A

Infant colic Mx

  1. Hold and rock baby
  2. Warm baths
  3. White noise/TV
18
Q

Four elements of child development?

A

Child development

  1. Gross motor
    Sitting/support
    Walking
  2. Fine motor + Vision
  3. Speech and language
  4. Social interaction
19
Q

Child development milestones?

A

Child development milestones:

Newborn:
Symmetrical flexed posture
Head-lag on pulling-up

6-8 weeks:
Raises head when prone

6-8 months:
Sits

10months
Stands

12-18 months
Walks

2-2.5 years
Walks steadily, runs, jumps

20
Q

Baby bac meningitis

- Mx

A

NICE - Bacterial Meningitis

  1. Older than 3/12
    - IV Ceftriaxone
  2. Younger than 3/12
    - IV Amoxicillin or ampicillin
  3. Travelled outside UK
    - Vancomycin in addition
  4. If on calcium-containing infusions
    - Cefotaxime
21
Q

Baby rash

- Red Flags

A

Baby rash - red flags

  1. Fever
  2. Drowsy
  3. Meningism
22
Q

Child cough

- Red flags

A

Child cough: red flags

  1. High fever
  2. Unwell
  3. ‘Up and down’
  4. Not eating or drinking
23
Q

Baby Crying - ICON

  1. Acronym
  2. Aims
A
  1. ICON

I Infant crying is normal
C Comforting can help
O Ok to walk away
N Never, ever shake a baby

  1. Prevention of abusive head trauma
24
Q

Infant development

- 0-3 months

A

0-3 months development

GM

  1. Raise head
  2. Hands to mouth

FM

  1. Grip objects
  2. Swipe at objects

Social

  1. Smile and return smile
  2. Track objects
25
Q

Infant development

- 4-6 months

A

4-6 months development

  1. Roll front-to-back
    - and back-to-front
  2. Speech-like sounds
  3. Laugh
  4. Grab objects
  5. Sit up with support
26
Q

Infant development

- 7-9 months

A

7-9 months development

  1. Start to crawl
    - Shuffle, army, hands and knees
  2. Sit unsupported
  3. Respond to name
  4. Mama and Dada
  5. Clap and play peekaboo
  6. Pull up into standing
27
Q

Infant development

- 10-12 months

A

10-12 months development

  1. Pincer grasp
  2. Feeding
  3. Moving around on foot
  4. Three-ish words
  5. Point
  6. Pretend-play actions
  7. First steps
28
Q

Bronchiolitis

- S&S

A

Bronchiolitis S&S

< 3YO, prematurity, Winter

  1. Cough
  2. Tachypnoea
  3. Wheezing
  4. Retractions, grunting, flaring
  5. Fever/rhinitis
29
Q

Infantile colic

- S&S

A

Infantile colic S&S

  1. RFs
    - 5mo, food sensitive
    - cigarette smoke, psychosocial
  2. Generally well
    - Normal urine
    - No recurrent vomiting
    - Normal temperature
    - No diarrhoea
    - Normal abdomen and ear
30
Q

Infantile colic

- Mx

A

Infantile Colic Mx

  1. Upright feeding
    - Burping after feeding
    - Well fitting bottle
  2. Elimination diet
  3. Reassurance
31
Q

Mesenteric adenitis

- S&S

A

Mesenteric adenitis S&S

  1. Diffuse abdo pain
  2. Recent URTI
  3. Fever
  4. Abdo tenderness
  5. Rhinorrhoea
  6. Hyperaemic pharynx
32
Q

Pediculosis capitis

- Mx

A

Headlice management

<2 mo

  1. Mechanical removal
  2. Treatment of contacts

> 2mo

  1. Pediculicide
    - Dimeticone (physical)
    - Permethrin/Pyethrin
  2. Benzyl alcohol/ivermectin
  3. Contacts
  4. Mechanical/occlusive
    - Combing + Petrolium Jelly

Year 3 - GP Block (13 decks)

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