6th Grade Science MIDTERM: Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

abrasion

A

mechanical weathering

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2
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

frost heaving

A

mechanical weathering

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3
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

acid rain

A

chemical weathering

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4
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

oxidation

A

chemical weathering

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5
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

lichens

A

chemical weathering

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6
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

exfoliation

A

mechanical weathering

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7
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

pressure release

A

mechanical weathering

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8
Q

mechanical or chemical weathering

carbon acid

A

chemical weathering

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9
Q

the amount of each kind of particle in a soil sample

A

texture

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10
Q

layers of soil

A

horizons

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11
Q

small particles of weathered rocks and minerals

A

sediment

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12
Q

decayed organic material found in soil

A

humus

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13
Q

the largest kind of particle in soil

A

sand

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14
Q

the dropping of sediment and rocks in a new location

A

deposition

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15
Q

the sediment that a stream carries

A

load

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16
Q

a pile of rocks and soil deposited by a glacier

A

moraine

17
Q

an area of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river

A

delta

18
Q

the process of rock changing from one type to another is called _____.

A

the rock cycle

19
Q

the process of breaking down rocks is called ____.

A

weathering

20
Q

____ changes rocks into new substances.

A

chemical weathering

21
Q

_____ occurs whenever rocks rub against each other.

A

abrasion

22
Q

unweathered rock that influences the soil above it called _____.

A

bedrock

23
Q

_____ contains weathered minerals and some nutrients from the humus

A

subsoil

24
Q

A fertile soil that has equal parts of sand and silt communes with about half as much clay is called _____

A

loam

25
Q

the primary force behind erosion is _______

A

gravity

26
Q

A ______ forms when unmelted snow gets compacted down into ice.

A

glacier

27
Q

A ____ is an example of erosion that is caused by gravity.

A

rockslide

28
Q

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

A

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, and erosion is the moving of weathered material from one place to another.

29
Q

What causes depositions to have a layered look?

A

Sediment settles according to its weight. The heaviest sediment drops first, and the lightest sediments drops last, forming layers.

30
Q

Micah and Joshua like to play by a stream that runs through their grandpa’s field. The stream was wide and shallow, but the boys dug out a new path that is much narrower than the old path. How will the new path change the erosion of the stream?

A

The narrower streamed would cause the water to flow faster. Erosion would be greater as the water load moved faster. Because there would be less sediment deposition, the streamed would probably deepen.

31
Q

The Grant Memorial in Washington, DC consists of bronze statues on white marble bases. Something has caused some of the bronze to dissolve and thus discolor the marble. Describe what may have caused the weathering of the bronze statues.

A

Acid rain may have caused the weathering. Smoke, exhaust, and pollution in the air combine to form acid rain. The acid in the rain would cause the bronze to dissolve and run down to stain the marble.