6th Grade Science MIDTERM: Chapter 1

Question 1

What are 3 causes of earthquakes?

Answer 1

• when molten rock moves under a volcano
• the buildup and release of energy when 2 surface plates move or shift against each other
• when large amounts of earth are moved or added

Question 2

What are 3 types of faults?

Answer 2

• reverse
• normal
• strike-slip

Question 3

Breaks in the earth’s surface along which rocks can move

Answer 3

faults

Question 4

Beginning point of an earthquake

Answer 4

focus

Question 5

Vibrations of energy that flow out from the beginning point of an earthquake

Answer 5

seismic waves

Question 6

the point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus

Answer 6

epicenter

Question 7

A machine that detects, times, and measures the movement of the earth

Answer 7

seismograph

Question 8

The strength of the seismic waves of an earthquake

Answer 8

magnitude

Question 9

measures the magnitude of an earthquake’s seismic waves and assigns it a number

Answer 9

Richter scale

Question 10

The crust of the earth is made up of large pieces known as _____

Answer 10

plates

Question 11

______ are breaks in the earth’s surface

Answer 11

faults

Question 12

An earthquake in the ocean may cause the formation of a large wave called a _____

Answer 12

tsunami

Question 13

The lithosphere contains _____

Answer 13

magma chambers

Question 14

A composite cone volcano has ___ sloping sides

Answer 14

steeply

Question 15

A volcano that is expected to erupt again is called _____

Answer 15

active

Question 16

The gases and debris released into the wire during a volcanic eruption is called _____

Answer 16

vog

Question 17

crust and upper area of the mantle

Answer 17

lithosphere

Question 18

scientist who studies the movement of the earth

Answer 18

seismologist

Question 19

Strength of an earthquake’s seismic waves

Answer 19

magnitude

Question 20

Giant ocean waves

Answer 20

tsunami

Question 21

occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other

Answer 21

strike-slip fault

Question 22

occurs when rocks push together, forcing a action of rock upward

Answer 22

thrust or reverse fault

Question 23

occurs when rocks move apart, forming a gap

Answer 23

normal fault

Question 24

What could cause a volcanic eruption?

Answer 24

• hot spot

- heated magma rising to the surface

Question 25

A certain volcano is expected to erupt again within the next five years. It has a bowl-like crater at its top and only one main vent.

Answer 25

active cinder cone volcano

Question 26

This large volcano seems to be layered, signifying that different types of lave flows have occurred int he past, but the volcano is presently inactive.

Answer 26

dormant composite cone volcano

Question 27

This large, gradually sloping volcano has mild eruptions and a continuous flow of lava. Scientists will study the composition of the gathered lava.

Answer 27

active shield volcano

Question 28

Fast moving waves that occur beneath the surface of the earth are called

Answer 28

body waves

Question 29

One danger of volcanoes is a _____, which occurs when part of a mountain collapses, causing mud and rock fragments to surge down the mountain.

Answer 29

debris flow

Question 30

A _____, an avalanche-like emission of red-host dust and gases from a volcanic eruption, killed the people of Pompeii.

Answer 30

pyroclastic flow

Question 31

Magma that breaks through the earth’s surface is called ____.

Answer 31

lava