6th Assessment Renal

Question 1

To relieve the obstruction, which of the following is initially done?

Answer 1

An J stent is inserted under direct vision using a cystoscope

Question 2

Which process is most affected by blood pressure?

• glomerular filtration
• tubular secretion
• tubular reabsorption
• loop of Henle diffusion

Answer 2

glomerular filtration

Question 3

Prehn’s signs is positive if: ‘

• Lifting of the testis with the palm of the hands exacerbates scrotal pain
• Lifting the testis with the palm of the hands lessens the scrotal pain
• Pulling down the testis exacerbates the scrotal pain
• Pulling down the testis lessens the scrotal pain

Answer 3

Lifting the testis with the palm of the hands lessens the scrotal pain

Question 4

A 7 year old male previously well patient came home complaining of severe right scrotal pain which occurred suddenly while he was playing with his classmates at the school park. The intern who examined the patient is considering testicular torsion. Which of the following is more indicative of a testicular torsion?

• Testicular swelling
• The pain is acute
• Presence of cremasteric reflex
• High riding, transverse lying testis

Answer 4

High riding, transverse lying testis

Question 5

Where is the location of the external urethral sphincter in the human male?

Answer 5

membranous urethra

Question 6

Tubular reabsorption occurs from the nephron tubules into the _____.

Answer 6

peritubular capillaries

Question 7

The most common reason for emergency room admittance due to a renal problem is:

Answer 7

Renal colic

Question 8

The most common mechanism for a urethral injury is

Answer 8

Straddle injury to the perineum

Question 9

Painless hematuria is _______________________ until proven otherwise.

• Kidney stone
• Bladder cancer
• Kidney cancer
• Ureteral tumor

Answer 9

Kidney cancer

Question 10

Most of the mucosa of the urinary bladder is thrown into folds called ____________ that allow for extreme.

Answer 10

Rugae

Question 11

What portion of the nephron does not absorb water passively by osmosis?

• descending limb of nephron loop
• distal convoluted tubule
• all of these portions absorb water passively by osmosis
• proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 11

all of these portions absorb water passively by osmosis.

Question 12

Which of these has the highest concentration in the urine?

• Glucose
• Uric acid
• Glucose
• Sodium

Answer 12

Na

Question 13

The countercurrent multiplier mechanism occurs at the _____.

Answer 13

loop of Henle

Question 14

n the kidneys, where are most microvilli found?

Answer 14

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 15

The striated appearance of the pyramids is caused by _____.

Answer 15

microtubules

Question 16

Which of the following are not found in the glomerular filtrate?

• Creatinine
• Uric acid
• Glucose
• Protein

Answer 16

Protein

Question 17

Which of the ff is a true emergency that needs urgent intervention within 4-6 hours?

• Appendiceal torsion
• Testicular torsion
• Epididymitis
• Testicular hematoma

Answer 17

Testicular torsion

Question 18

A stone from the kidney that falls along the ureter will probably be stuck in the narrowest part of the ureter which is located in the?

Answer 18

Pelvo – ureteral junction

Question 19

A 70 year old male is in the ER with acute urinary retention. On rectal exam, a firm mass was felt anterior to the rectum. The most common cause of this problem in this particular patient is?

Answer 19

Prostatic enlargement

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding renal colic?

• Slow insidious onset
• Is often due to the passage of a stone formed in the kidney, down through the ureter.
• Steady pain accompanied by muscle guarding
• Presence of vomiting excludes renal colic

Answer 20

Is often due to the passage of a stone formed in the kidney, down through the ureter.

Question 21

Which of the following is true regarding hematuria?

• Hematuria necessitates surgical intervention eventually
• Hematuria is always accompanied by flank pains
• Hematuria is not ruled out if the color of the urine is not bloody
• RBC count of 10 /HPF is considered hematuria

Answer 21

Hematuria necessitates surgical intervention eventually

Question 22

A 29 year old female just came out of surgery for the removal of the appendix under spinal anesthesia. After six hours, the effect of the anesthetic has waned. The patient is now complaining of discomfort because of her in ability to void. On physical exam by the intern, the urinary is palpable above the symphysis pubis. This condition is:

• Chronic urinary retention
• Acute urinary retention

Answer 22

Acute urinary retention

Question 23

Which of the following is usually not found in the urine?

• Urea
• Uric acid
• Magnesium
• Glucose

Answer 23

Glucose

Question 24

The renal corpuscle is comprised of a glomerulus and _____.

• Bowman’s capsule
• proximal convoluted tubule
• loop of Henle
• distal convoluted tubule

Answer 24

Bowman’s capsule

Question 25

Painful hematuria accompanied by colicky flank pain in a 25 year old male with hypercalcemia is most like caused by?

• Glomerulonephritis
• Kidney tumor
• Pyelonephritis (Kidney infection)
• Ureteral stone

Answer 25

Ureteral stone