Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortho Final > 6B > Flashcards

6B Flashcards

1
Q

Comprehensive Orthodontic Treatment

● Primary goal to

A

correct malocclusion & achieve ideal occlusion
○ Pts seeking comprehensive care often present with more severe malocclusion
● More precise control over tooth movement needed (more bodily movement than tipping)
○ Fixed appliances
○ Invisalign - more control than other removables, but not as good as fixed appliances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  1. Alignment & leveling

○ Initial archwire ⇒

A

NiTi (flexible with long activation spans & continuous low level force)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  1. Alignment & leveling
    Initial archwire
    ■ SS too
A

stiff (before NiTi → multistranded SS and multi-looped ( ↑ length) archwires were used to increase flexibility)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  1. Alignment & leveling

○ Alignment: ⇒

A

initial correction by tipping
■ Minimal crowding → non-extraction; teeth tipped labially & buccally to increase arch
■ Moderate/severe crowding → extraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. Alignment & leveling
    ○ Leveling:

■ Via extrusion -

A

continuous arches
● Extruding posteriors to fix deep bite → changes vertical dimension
● Easier; less complex biomechanics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. Alignment & leveling
    Leveling
    ■ Via intrusion -
A

pass arches
● Intruding anteriors to fix deep bite → No change in vertical dimension
● Deep bite with excessive incisor display → anterior intrusion corrects deep bite & reduces incisor display at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

● Deep bite with ideal incisor display →

A

either extrude posterior or intrude mandibular anteriors depending on pts face height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. A-P correction, space closure (in extraction cases), & determine optimal anchorage
    ○ By end of 2nd stage -
A

close remaining spaces in extraction cases, create class I molar & canine with ideal overjet and overbite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

○ Space closure via sliding mechanics

■ Often a couple mm of space is left in

A

1rst PM area
■ Canine retraction first, then incisors -
● Retracting all 6 to close space requires too much anchorage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

■ Disadvantage of sliding mechanics ⇒

A

Friction

● Friction causes tooth movement to take longer & lose anchorage (posteriors move more mesially)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

■ Advantages of sliding mechanics ⇒

A

simple & easy to use; treatment of choice in uncomplicated cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

○ Space closure via retraction loop mechanics

■ Tend to be

A

more complex, traps food, and prone to distortion

■ Used for more complex cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

OSU recommendation - obtain

A

pano ~3-6 mo before finishing, so when you start 3rd stage, all these movements can be accomplished before the brackets are taken off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Root paralleling, torque, & individual tooth precise positioning

○ Individual tooth precise positioning -

A

1rst, 2nd, 3rd order control
■ Ensure midlines align
● Correcting midlines best done in 2nd stage when closing spaces
● Minor midline deviations can be corrected in 3rd stage with asymmetric elastics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Root paralleling, torque, & individual tooth precise positioning
○ Rooth paralleling:

A

■ When spaces closed, some tipping unavoidable, so roots need to be made parallel
● Can also be caused by errors on bracket positioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Root paralleling, torque, & individual tooth precise positioning
○ Torque -

A

3rd order activation
■ When retracting incisors → sometimes distal tipping occurs, so torque (labial-lingual tooth movement) needed to ideally angle incisors
■ Rectangular arch wire must be used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Root paralleling, torque, & individual tooth precise positioning
Individual tooth precise positioning
■ Teeth nicely settled into occlusion

A

● After 2nd stage, ensure posteriors have cusp-fossa relationship (no posterior open bite) → via 2nd order activations (up & down movements) or elastics
● Tooth size discrepancies may prevent ideal settling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Goal ⇒ almost always want

A

Class I canine; & whenever possible also Class I molar, ideal overjet/overbite, no crowding/spacing, & good midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

● If PM extraction →

A

molars may not be Class I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Retention

Periodontal response:

A

● Widening of PDL
○ PDL recovers in 3-4 months
● Disruption of collagen fiber bundles
● Gingival & periodontal fibers stretched
○ Gingival fibers (esp. Supracrestal & circumferential fibers) take longer

21
Q

Relapse due to growth:

A

● Late mandibular growth of concern (AP & vertical growth occur after adolescence)
○ Males until 17; females until 14-16

22
Q

Removable retainers:

● Hawley Retainer -

A

most commonly used

23
Q

Removable retainers:
Hawley Retainer
○ Holds teeth

A

labial-lingually in very precise position, but also allows for occlusal settling

24
Q

Removable retainers:
Hawley Retainer
■ Limited tooth movement

A

possible - minor tooth position changes possible by adjusting wire

25
Q

Removable retainers:
Hawley Retainer
○ Passive component ⇒

A

palatal/lingual acrylic base

26
Q

Removable retainers:
Hawley Retainer
○ Active component ⇒

A

labial bow

27
Q

Removable retainers:

● Vacuum formed retainer

A

○ Similar to invisalign
○ Advantages ⇒ esthetic & comfortable
○ Disadvantages:
■ Doesn’t last as long & settling not possible (teeth held precisely where they are)
■ Adjustments not possible if teeth shift & retainer doesn’t fit anymore

28
Q

Two types of bonded fixed retainers:

● Braided ⇒

A

braided wire bonded to lingual aspect of teeth (often canine to canine)
○ Each tooth bonded to wire
○ Light braided twist wire allows for physiologic movement (more flexible?)

29
Q

● Rigid ⇒ only bonded to the

A

terminal teeth (only canines)
○ Rigid bar rests on lingual surface & prevents relapse; easier to clean
○ 0.030 wire

30
Q

Fixed retainers:

● Major indications ⇒

A

when intra-arch instability anticipated &/or prolonged retention desired

31
Q

Fixed retainers:
Major indications
○ Maintenance of

A

lower incisor position

■ Significant rotation tends to relapse

32
Q

Fixed retainers:
Major indications
○ Maintenance of

A

space closure

■ Large diastemas also tend to relapse

33
Q

Fixed retainers:
Major indications
○ ———— maintenance in adult; pontic space maintenance

A

Extraction space

34
Q

Fixed retainers:

● Advantages ⇒

A

esthetic (bc on lingual side); no compliance required; permanent retention

35
Q

Fixed retainers:

● Disadvantages ⇒

A

Hygiene problem; maxillary lingual bonded retainer may interfere with occlusion
○ Does not maintain posterior transverse dimension

36
Q

TAD;

A

impacted teeth; transplantation

37
Q

Applications of TAD:

● Intrusion of

A

posterior teeth

38
Q

Applications of TAD:

● Distal movement

A

of max. molars (in Class II correction)

○ Class II elastics less effective

39
Q

Applications of TAD:

● Uprighting

A

posteriors

40
Q

Applications of TAD:

● Space closure with

A

max. anchorage needs

41
Q 
Impacted teeth  (often canines & 2nd molars impacted)
●	Make space →
A

surgical exposure → attachment to tooth → orthodontic mechanics

42
Q

Impacted teeth

● Treatment for impacted teeth depends on

A

crowding, location of tooth, & root formation status

43
Q

Impacted teeth

● Biomechanics:

A

○ Eruption thru attached attached mucosa
○ Optimal force delivery necessary
■ If too much force, may cause ankylosis or devitalize the tooth

44
Q

Class II with upper & lower crowding treatment options:

● Camouflage →

A

Extract lower 2nd PM & upper 1rst molars

45
Q

Class II with upper & lower crowding treatment options:

● Surgery →

A

Extract upper 2nd PM (bc don’t want to bring upper incisors back) & lowe 1rst PM (bc you want to bring the lower incisors back & move the whole jaw forward)

46
Q

Autotransplantation

● Root formation needs to be

A

½ to ⅔ formed

○ If completely formed → poor blood supply

47
Q

Autotransplantation

● Light orthodontic forces to align

A

transplanted tooth

○ If orthodontic forces to heavy ⇒ root resorption, failed autotransplantation, ankylosis, or devitalization

48
Q

Autotransplantation

● Advantage ⇒

A

allows for continued vertical bone development

49
Q

continuous archwire for

A

leveiling

Ortho Final (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions