6B

Question 1

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

To control bodily movements and internal processes

The nervous system is responsible for awareness, emotions, and responses to stimuli.

Question 2

What is a stimulus?

Answer 2

A piece of information that the body can match to

Stimuli can be external or internal and provoke a response.

Question 3

What does ‘response’ refer to in the context of the nervous system?

Answer 3

The body’s reaction to a stimulus

Responses can be voluntary or involuntary.

Question 4

What are neurons?

Answer 4

Cells that generate or transfer nerve impulses

Neurons are the fundamental units of the nervous system.

Question 5

What are nerve impulses?

Answer 5

Electric signals that travel through the body

These signals facilitate communication within the nervous system.

Question 6

List the main components of a neuron.(7)

Answer 6

• Cell body
• Cytoplasm
• Organelles
• Nucleus
• Dendrites
• Axon
• Axon end
  ## Footnote

Each component plays a crucial role in the function of the neuron.

Question 7

What are the three kinds of neurons?

Answer 7

• Sensory neurons
• Motor neurons
• Interneurons

Sensory neurons connect sensory input to interneurons, while motor neurons transmit signals to muscles.

Question 8

True or False: Interneurons connect sensory neurons to motor neurons.

Answer 8

True

Interneurons play a crucial role in processing information within the nervous system.

Question 9

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

Answer 9

Everything that extends from the central nervous system

The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

Question 10

Define the central nervous system.

Answer 10

The brain and spinal cord

The central nervous system is responsible for processing information and controlling responses.

Question 11

True or False: The peripheral nervous system is part of the central nervous system.

Answer 11

False

The peripheral nervous system is distinct from the central nervous system.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The _______ nervous system includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 12

peripheral

This system connects the central nervous system to limbs and organs.

Question 13

What is the primary function of the central nervous system?

Answer 13

Processing information and controlling responses

It integrates sensory information and coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions.

Question 14

What is the average weight of the human brain?

Answer 14

About 14 kg

The weight can vary slightly among individuals.

Question 15

How many neurons are in the human brain?

Answer 15

Over 16 billion neurons

Neurons are the primary cells in the brain responsible for transmitting information.

Question 16

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

Answer 16

12 pairs of cranial nerves

Cranial nerves are responsible for sensory and motor functions of the head and neck.

Question 17

What are the three main parts of the brain?

Answer 17

• Cerebrum
• Cerebellum
• Brainstem

Each part has distinct functions and structures.

Question 18

Which part of the brain is the largest?

Answer 18

Cerebrum

It is responsible for higher brain functions such as thought and action.

Question 19

How is the cerebrum structured?

Answer 19

It consists of 2 dome-shaped halves (hemispheres)

The hemispheres are connected by white connective tissue.

Question 20

What is the natural color of the cerebrum’s gray matter?

Answer 20

Grayish

Gray matter contains the cell bodies of neurons.

Question 21

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 21

Helps with motor control

It plays a crucial role in coordination and balance.

Question 22

What does the brainstem control?

Answer 22

• Most involuntary actions
• Posture
• Balance

The brainstem is vital for regulating essential life functions.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The cerebellum is not the largest portion of the brain but helps with _______.

Answer 23

motor control

It coordinates voluntary movements and maintains posture.

Question 24

True or False: The brainstem is located above the cerebrum.

Answer 24

False

The brainstem is located below the cerebrum.