6.7 - Populations And Sustainability.

Question 1

What is interspecific competition?

Answer 1

Competition between different species for resources, food and habitat.

Question 2

What is intraspecific competition?

Answer 2

Competition within a species for resources, food and mates.

Question 3

Why do we need conserve ecosystems?

Answer 3

Economic- provide materials which can be sold

Social - Ecosystems bring joy to people as they’re attractive to look at

Ethical - People believe conserving is the right thing to do
Moral responsibility

Question 4

How can we use woodland sustainability?

Answer 4

1. Clearing trees on strips or patches ( Grow back quicker)
2. Don’t fell large areas - prevents soil erosion
3. Coppicing and pollarding
4. Planting native tree species
5. Planting in tubes to prevent animals from eating them
6. Trees aren’t planted too close together to prevent the competing for space

Question 5

How do we fish in a sustainable way?

Answer 5

1. Fishing quotas (Conserve fish by reducing numbers caught
2. Restrictions during breeding seasons
3. Control Mesh size (Allows smaller fish to mature then breed)

Question 6

What are facts for Terai - Nepal?

Answer 6

An area of forest and grassland home to bengal tiger and Asian elephant

7 million people live there - rely on forest for own use

Forest is being destroyed for housing, bringing conflict between animals and people

WWF works with local people to balance conservation with their needs ( big as generators, so they don’t use wood) and plant mint hedges around crops

Question 7

What are the facts for The Masai Mara?

Answer 7

National reserve in Kenya home to lions, zebra…

Maasai people easier livestock to earn money, which conflicts with conservationists (overgrazing)

Conservation trusts work with people to make more money such as conservation and ecotourism rather than farming, or sustainable farming

Question 8

Fact file for UK - Peat bogs

Answer 8

Stores of water and CO2 and home to lots of different plants and animals

Farmers use land to graze animals, however overgrazing causes loss of moss species, soil compaction increasing water run off

Recent government programmed have given farmers money to use peat bogs in a sustainable way (Reduce water run off, lower number of livestock, remove livestock over winter)

Question 9

What are the defects of human activities on the Galápagos Islands?

Answer 9

Non native animal’s introduced to island can eat native species and bring disease

Non native plants introduced which compete with native causing a decrease in their population.

Question 10

What are the defects of human activities on Antarctica?

Answer 10

Visitors have caused pollution by leaving rubbish and dumping sewage, and shopping incidents

Hunting, whaling and fishing have reduced wildlife populations.

Question 11

What are the defects of human activities on the Lake District and Snowden?

Answer 11

1. Many visitors go walking eroding footpaths and losing soil from hillsides. Soil in water can reduce pH causing knock on effects for wildlife.
   People may also go off the footpath trampling plants.

Question 12

What are the methods of control in the Galápagos Islands?

Answer 12

1. Eradication programmed to remove wild goats and dogs
2. When people visit they have to follow strict rules by not bringing any live plants or animals on islands.
   Have to accompanied by a guide

Question 13

What are the methods of control in Antarctica?

Answer 13

1. All waste must be taken away for disposal elsewhere
2. Ships using thick oil as fuel are banned from Antarctic water
3. Tourist restrictions
4. Hunting and whaling banned

Question 14

What are the methods of control in the Lake District and Snowdonia?

Answer 14

1. Authority carry our regular repair and maintenance on paths and encourage growth of damaged vegetation.
2. Walkers educated about importance of sticking to paths
3. Volunteers have dug drains near paths to prevent them from flooding.