6.5 (Pgs. 394-402)

Question 1

^ Function of urban models (3)

Answer 1

• Classifying and categorizing land use in urban areas
• Describing how various urban land uses are segregated spatially
• Offering explanations for the location of different urban land uses

Question 2

Functional Zonation

Answer 2

The idea that portions of an urban area– regions, or zones, within the city –have specific and distinct purposes.

Question 3

Central Business District (CBD)

Answer 3

The commercial heart of a city.

Question 4

Bid-Rent Theory

Answer 4

Explains agricultural land use, just as it helps explain land use in central business districts.

Question 5

Industrial/Commercial Zones

Answer 5

The zone outside the central business district that is dedicated to the industry.

Question 6

Commensal Relationship

Answer 6

When commercial interests benefit each other.

Question 7

Residential Zones

Answer 7

Areas where people live.

Question 8

Concentric Zone Model

Answer 8

Describes a city as a series of rings that surrounds a central business district.

Question 9

Sector Model

Answer 9

Also called Hoyt’s model. Described how different types of land use and housing were all located near the CBD early in a city’s history. Each grew outward as the city expanded, creating wedges, or sectors of land use, rather than rings.

Question 10

Multiple Nuclei Model

Answer 10

This model suggested that functional zonation occurred around multiple centers or nodes.

Question 11

Peripheral Model

Answer 11

This, a variant of the multiple-nuclei model, describes suburban neighborhoods surrounding an inner city and served by nodes of commercial activity along a ring road or beltway.

Question 12

Galactic City Model

Answer 12

In this model, an original CBD became surrounded by a system of smaller nodes that mimicked its function.

Question 13

^ European Cities Characteristics

Answer 13

A dense mix of commercial and residential land use with narrow, winding streets. Attempt to preserve their historic urban cores. Have many more residents living in relatively low-rise apartment buildings. Suburbs are likely to have a higher percentage of tall buildings.

Question 14

Middle Eastern/Islamic Cities Char.

Answer 14

Dominating these cities is a central mosque that includes one or more tall highly visible minarets, or tall slender towers. Built with a defensive citadel, a fort designed to protect the city. Major roads connect the gates of the citadel to the city center. Along these roads are traditional outdoor markets or covered bazaars, called suqs.
- Streets and alleys are usually twisting and often dead-end
- Homes have central courtyards rather than yards in front or back.
- Windows are small and located above eye level.

Question 15

Griffin-Ford Model (Latin American)

Answer 15

It places a two-part CBD at the center of the city– a traditional market center adjacent to a modern high-rise center.

Question 16

Barrios/Favelas/Shantytowns

Answer 16

Neighborhoods marked by extreme poverty, homelessness, and lawlessness. Shows poverty, lack of infrastructure, and areas of poorly built housing.

Question 17

^ Characteristics of African Cities

Answer 17

-Traditional CBD, which existed before European colonization, has small shops clustered along narrow, twisting streets. Includes formal economy.
- Colonial CBD has broad, straight avenues and large homes, parks, and administrative centers.
- The informal economy zone thrives with curbside, car-side, and stall-based businesses that often hire people temporarily and do not follow all regulations. Includes periodic markets.
- A zone of mining and manufacturing is often found in cities.
- Residential zones are often based on ethnicity. These mirror the multi-ethnic makeup of African countries.

Question 18

Squatter Settlements

Answer 18

The periphery of cities often consists of densely populated informal settlements.

Question 19

^ Characteristic of Southeast Asian Cities

Answer 19

McGee model describes land use of many large cities. These cities might include a government zone. It might have a commercial zone dominated by foreign merchants and ambassadors. Many cities include a secondary commercial zone.