6.4 : Organisation and Specialistion Of Cells

Question 1

How can the organisation of a multicellular organism be summarised ?

Answer 1

Specialised cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> whole organism

Question 2

What does it mean for a cell to become differentiated ?

Answer 2

They are specialised to carry out very specific functions

Question 3

What is a tissue?

Answer 3

A collection of differentiated cells that have a specialised function.

Question 4

What are the four main categories of tissues in animals? What are they adapted to do?

Answer 4

Nervous tissue, adapted to support the transmission of electrical impulses

Epithelial tissue, adapted to cover body surfaces, internal and external

Muscle tissue, adapted to contact

Connective tissue, adapted either to hold other tissues discover or as a transport medium

Question 5

What are two tissues in plants? What are they adapted to do?

Answer 5

Epidermis tissue, adapted to cover plant surface

Vascular tissue, adapted for transport of water and nutrients

Question 6

What is an organ?

Answer 6

A collection of tissue that are adapted to perform a particular function in an organism.

Question 7

What are organ systems ?

Answer 7

Organs working together to carry out a major function in the body

Question 8

What are some organ systems in animals?

Answer 8

The digestive system : takes in food, breaks down the large insoluble molecules into small soluble ones, absorbs the nutrients into the blood, retains water needed by the body and removes any indigenised material from the body.

The cardiovascular system : moves blood around the body to provide an effective transport system.

The gaseous exchange system : brings air into the body so oxygen can be extracted for respiration and carbon dioxide can be expelled.