6.4 chemistry of bone

Question 1

mitochondrion

Answer 1

makes ATP
molecule

Question 2

osteo

Answer 2

bone

Question 3

chondro

Answer 3

cartilage

Question 4

atoms

Answer 4

individual units, found on the periodic table

Question 5

ions

Answer 5

atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons

Question 6

cation

Answer 6

positively charged ion

Question 7

anion

Answer 7

negatively charged ion

Question 8

mineral

Answer 8

an element of chemical substance that is normally crystalline formed as a result of geological processes

Question 9

ionic compound

Answer 9

chemical substance composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces (ionic bonds)

Question 10

hydroxyapatite crystals: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

Answer 10

major ionic compound found in bones
crystalline
provides weight-bearing strength, brittle
mineral

Question 11

covalent compound molecules

Answer 11

chemical substances composed of atoms held together by sharing electrons (covalent bonds)

Question 12

inorganic molecules

Answer 12

do not contain carbon

Question 13

organic molecules

Answer 13

contains carbon

Question 14

proteins

Answer 14

collagen provides flexible strength

Question 15

most common protein in the body

Answer 15

collagen

Question 16

collagen

Answer 16

provides flexible strength
shaped as triple helix

Question 17

proetins are made of

Answer 17

amino acids

Question 18

vitamin C makes

Answer 18

collagen

Question 19

lack of vitamin c causes

Answer 19

brittle bones (scurvy), can’t heal wounds

Question 20

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 20

genetic mutation in collagen (brittle bone disease)