6.4

Question 1

Is organic material from plant and animal growth.

Answer 1

Biomass

Question 2

_______ is sunlight stored in the form of ___________ that are formed in growing plant life
through the process of _________, which takes
energy from the sun and converts carbon dioxide into
___________

Answer 2

Biomass, organic
compounds, photosynthesis, carbohydrates

Question 3

Biomass is converted to energy by ______ it for commercial and residential space heating and for _________ heat and steam.

Answer 3

Biopower, burning, industrial
process

Question 4

energy resources can be burned to create _____ for
generating electricity.

Answer 4

Bioheat, steam

Question 5

The actual source of ________ differs depending on
location, availability, and end use.

Answer 5

biomass

Question 6

Biomass is presently the leading source of renewable
energy in the _________.

Answer 6

United States

Question 7

In 2003 biomass is accounted for
_____ of all renewable energy or almost ____ of the total energy produced in the United States.

Answer 7

47%, 4%

Question 8

Biomass
currently provides about ___of U.S. electricity, about ___
of the fuel used in _____ and ____, and some of the
______ and ______ used by homes, businesses, and
schools.

Answer 8

2% , 1%, cars, trucks, heat, steam

Question 9

______represents an enormous quantity of
_________ in the United States,
thereby increasing the potential for national
energy _________.

Answer 9

Biomass, renewable energy, independence

Question 10

Common types of biomass fuels used in buildings include timber
(logs) and manufactured logs, wood pellets, briquettes, and
corn. An example of ______ used as a biomass fuel.
Many other types of solid biomass fuels can be used as an
alternative to _________.

Answer 10

Solid Fuels wood residue, fossil fuels

Question 11

Alternative liquid transportation fuels (e.g., ethanol,
biodiesel) can be produced from agricultural crops,
mainly corn, soybeans, and sunflowers, instead of
petroleum.

Answer 11

Liquid Fuels

Question 12

_______ and ________ can be blended with
or directly substituted for gasoline and diesel.

Answer 12

Ethanol, biodiesel

Question 13

__________
is an alcohol that is made from any biomass high in
carbohydrates (starches, sugars, or celluloses), typically
corn, through a ________ process similar to brewing
beer.

Answer 13

Ethanol, fermenting

Question 14

_______ is a recycled by-product formed during the
_______ of wood in the papermaking industry that can
be used as a source of energy. It is burned in a _______ to
produce electricity and steam.

Answer 14

Black liquor, pulping, boiler

Question 15

__________ is a combustible gas produced by the
________, or oxygen-free, digestion of vegetable
and/or animal wastes. It can be used to
generate power.

Answer 15

Methane gas, anaerobic

Question 16

When biomass is heated in the absence of oxygen it gasifies to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is known as _______ or ______.

Answer 16

synthesis gas, syngas

Question 17

_______ more efficiently and cleanly than the
solid biomass from which it was made

Answer 17

Syngas burns

Question 18

The energy content of biomass fuels varies
significantly with the biomass product. T or F

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Type of Biomass Technologies

Answer 19

• Direct Combustion
• Anaerobic Digestion
• Gasification
• Pyrolysis
• Biofuels
• Municipal Solid Waste

Question 20

The __________ process makes use of a furnace
or boiler to convert biomass fuel into hot air, hot water,
steam, and electricity for commercial or industrial uses.

Answer 20

direct combustion

Question 21

__________ is a biochemical process in which
groups of bacteria, working symbiotically, break down complex organic wastes in animal manure and food processing residue to produce biogas, mainly a ______ and _______ mix.

Answer 21

Anaerobic digestion, methane, carbon dioxide

Question 22

Controlled anaerobic digestion requires
an airtight chamber

Answer 22

Digester

Question 23

__________ is a thermochemical process that
converts biomass into a combustible gas called
_________ that contains carbon monoxide,
hydrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, tar vapor, and
ash particles.

Answer 23

Biomass gasification, producer gas

Question 24

In the ______, very small, low-moisture
particles of biomass fuel are rapidly heated to
temperatures in the range of _____ to ______ (450° to
550°C) in the absence of oxygen, resulting in _______ oil, which can be used as a _________.

Answer 24

pyrolysis process, 840°, 1020°F, liquid
pyrolysis, synthetic fuel oil

Question 25

A __________ program makes use of
trash as a source of energy by either burning MSW in a
_________ plant or by capturing ________.

Answer 25

municipal solid waste (MSW), waste-to-energy, biogas

Question 26

In landfills, biomass rots and releases methane gas,
called __________.

Answer 26

landfill gas

Question 27

Production of ______ such as ethanol (alcohol),
biodiesel, and black liquor involve different processes

Answer 27

biofuels

Question 28

is the biochemical process that
converts sugars into ethanol.

Answer 28

Fermentation

Question 29

is a chemical conversion
process that converts oilseed crops into biodiesel
fuel.

Answer 29

Biodiesel production

Question 30

involves a
__________ conversion process that converts
wood and agricultural residues into _______.

Answer 30

Production of methanol, thermochemical, methanol