6.3: Reactions of Acids and Bases

Question 1

when acids and bases of equal strengths are mixed…

Answer 1

neutralization occurs (forming water and a salt)
a salt is just a neutral ionic cmpd, usually one that will dissolve in water

Question 2

application of neutralization

Answer 2

antacids: contain a base that reduces heartburn (excess of acid) by increasing the pH of gastric juices

neutralizing acid spills

Question 3

acid precipitation

Answer 3

rainwater is naturally acidic - around 5.6, because of atmospheric CO2 dissolving in and reacting with H2O to produce carbonic acid

cause of acid rain: nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides react with water to produce acids

Question 4

effects of acid precipitation

Answer 4

abrupt changes in water pH

animals and plants that live in that water will die, bc they are unable to cope with the change in acidity

Question 5

acidity: word for bases

Answer 5

basicity

Question 6

reduce emissions that cause acid rain

Answer 6

catalytic converters to get rid of nitrogen oxides

scrubbers on smokestacks to get rid of sulphur oxides.

Question 7

renewing a lake

Answer 7

add limestone to neutralize the acid and raise the pH

Question 8

practical application of acids

Answer 8

extracting metals from ores, and leaching toxins out of soil

BUT can contaminate an area