6.3 Metallic Structures Flashcards
Comment on the malleability and ductility of metals.
Metals are malleable, which means they can be bent. Metals are also ductile, which means the can be stretched.
Why are metals malleable & ductile?
Due to the structure of the lattice and the delocalization of the electrons, when a force is applied to a metal, the metal atoms are able to move and slip over each other without breaking the metallic bond. This allows the metal to be re-shaped, without breaking apart.
Comment on the melting & boiling points of metals?
High as a lot of energy is needed to separate the atoms. As there is a high electrostatic force between the positive kernels and the sea of delocalized electrons.
Why do metals have low boiling points?
There is a very strong electrostatic attraction between the metal nuclei and the sea of delocalized electrons that hold it in place. In order for this force to be broken, high temperatures are needed.
Comment of the luster of metals.
Metals are very lustrous and shiny.
Why are metals so lustrous?
The delocalized electrons are free to move around and can vibrate readily vibrate when they come into contact with light. The vibration of the electrons results in the emission of energy in the visible spectrum which is reflected and gives metal surfaces a shiny appearance.
True or false, metals are good conductors of electricity.
True
Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
Delocalized electrons are free to move through the metal when a potential difference is applied. This creates a current.
True or false, metals are good conductors of heat.
True
Why are metals good conductors of heat?
Delocalized electrons are free to move through the metal. When heat energy is applied to one side of a section of metal, the electrons begin to vibrate and move more quickly through the metal lattice. The collision of the electrons with the metal atoms causes a transfer of energy and the conduction of heat.
