6.3 Intermolecular Forces

Question 1

What are intermolecular forces?

Answer 1

Weak interactions between the dipoles of different molecules. Responsible for physical properties.

Question 2

What are London forces?

Answer 2

Induced dipole-dipole interaction

Question 3

What do induced dipole - dipole interactions occur between?

Answer 3

The induced dipoles of all molecules (polar or non polar)

Question 4

How do induced dipoles form?

Answer 4

Movement of electrons produces instantaneous dipoles that are constantly shifting position.
These induce dipoles on neighbouring molecules which then induce more molecules.
The molecules then attract each other.

Question 5

How does more electrons in each molecule affect induce dipole-dipole interactions?

Answer 5

Larger instantaneous and induced dipoles

Greater induced dipole-dipole interactions

Stronger attractive forces

Question 6

What does a permanent dipole-dipole exist between?

Answer 6

The permanent dipoles (dipoles which don’t change) in different POLAR molecules

Question 7

What do polar molecules have?

Answer 7

Induced and permanent interactions

Question 8

Boiling point of polar molecules?

Answer 8

High as extra energy needed to overcome additional dipole