6.2 Electronegativity And Polarity

Question 1

Define electronegativity

Answer 1

A bonded atoms attraction for the electron pair in a covalent bond

Question 2

What does the Pauling scale indicate?

Answer 2

Electronegativity increases across and up the period table (towards fluorine)

Question 3

Factors increasing electronegativity

Answer 3

Greater nuclear charge

Smaller atomic radius

Less shielding

Question 4

Features of non polar bonds

Answer 4

Bonded electron pairs shared equally, have the same electronegativity. Is a pure covalent bond.

Question 5

Features of polar bonds

Answer 5

Bonded electron pairs shared unequally, have different electronegativity’s. Polar covalent bond.

Question 6

Charges on atoms in polar bonds?

Answer 6

Larger electronegative value is negative.

Smaller electronegative value is positive.

Question 7

Where is a dipole found?

What type?

Answer 7

In polar bonds as the charges are seperate (at opposite ends of the bond).
Permenant.

Question 8

When will bond be ionic rather than covalent?

Answer 8

If electro negativity values are extremely different (difference of 1.8)

Question 9

When are dipoles cancelled out?

Answer 9

When molecules are symmetrical, e.g. CO2 becomes non polar