Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

6 White Blood Cell disorders > 6.3 Chronic Leukemia > Flashcards

6.3 Chronic Leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

CLL (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

-what do you see on blood smear

A

-smudge cells, and increased lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

ATLL (Adult T Cell leukemia/lymphoma)

-proliferation of what cells

A

-mature CD4 cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What leukemia is this?

  1. splenomegaly
  2. “dry tap” on bone marrow aspiration
  3. no lymphadenopathy
A

Hairy Cell leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pt with lytic bone lesions and hypercalcemia:

  • what is 1st thought?
  • Suspect what else, and how to differentiate?
A
  1. 1st thought is multiple myeloma
  2. However, can also be ATLL. Consider this, especially if pt also presents with a rash!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hairy cell leukemia

  • proliferation of what cells?
  • appearance on blood smear
A
  • proliferation of mature B cells (naive B cell proliferation is CLL)
  • lymphocytes have ‘hairy’ cytoplasmic processes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ATLL (Adult T Cell leukemia/lymphoma)

  • assoc with what virus
  • commonly seen in what populations
A
  • HTLV-1 (human T cell leukemia virus)
  • it’s a retrovirus that infects CD4 T cells, like HIV
  • common in Japan and Caribbean
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CLL (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

-what cells proliferate, with what markers?

A

-proliferation of naive B cells, with CD5 and CD20. (CD5 is usu on T cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mycosis Fungoides

  • proliferation of what?
  • how does it present?
A
  1. mature CD4 cells (mycosis fungoides is the most common form of CTCL–cutaneous T cell lymphoma)
  2. T cells infiltrate the skin. Localized skin rash, plaques, nodules. Aggregates of neoplastic cells in epidermis are called Pautrier microabscesses.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mycosis Fungoides

  • what happens when cells spread to blood
  • appearance in blood smear
A
  • If spread to blood, produces Sezary syndrome
  • lymphocytes have cerebriform nuclei
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What leukemia is this?

  1. skin rash
  2. lympadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly
  3. lytic (punched-out) bone lesions and hypercalcemia
A

ATLL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chronic leukemia

-typically what population

A

-older adults, usu insidious onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hairy cell leukemia

-clinical features (3)

A
  • mnemonic “TRAP”
    1. cells stain TRAP+
    2. B cells trapped in red pulp (splenomegaly)
    3. B cells trapped in bone marrow (b/c of marrow fibrosis. “dry tap” on bone marrow aspiration)
    4. Cells trapped, so none in lymph nodes (no lymphadenopathy)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CLL (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

-complications (3)

A
  1. Hypogammaglobulinemia–loss of mature B cells
  2. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia–improper Ab formation results in Ab against own RBCs
  3. Transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter transformation), marked clinically by englarging lymph node or spleen–(pt now has more aggressive tumor that is rapidly growing)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pt with CLL, presents with enlarging lymph node or spleen

-suspect what?

A
  • CLL is transforming into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter transformation)
  • Pt now has a more aggressive tumor that is rapidly dividing.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hairy cell leukemia

-Tx

A
  • Use 2-CDA (cladribine)
  • adenosine deaminase inhibitor–part of purine pathway. Adenosine accumulates to toxic levels in neoplastic B cells.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ATLL (Adult T Cell leukemia/lymphoma)

-clinical presentation (3)

A
  1. Rash (think T cells for rash)
  2. generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly
  3. lytic (punched-out) bone lesions with hypercalcemia (similar to multiple myeloma)
17
Q

CLL (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

-aka what?

A

-aka Small lymphocytic lymphoma (there is generalized lymphadenopathy)

18
Q

What leukemia is this?

-Localized skin rash, plaques, nodules

A

Mycosis fungoides

(or another cutaneous T cell lymphoma)

19
Q

Pautrier microabscesses

A
  • aggregates of neoplastic mature T cells in the epidermis.
  • occurs in Mycosis fungoides, the most common CTCL (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)
20
Q

What is most common type of leukemia?

A

-CLL

21
Q

Hairy cell leukemia

-cells stain with what?

A

-TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase)

22
Q

What leukemia is this?

  1. hypogammagloblulinemia
  2. autoimmune hemolytic anemia
A

-CLL

6 White Blood Cell disorders (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions