6.3

Question 0

A hormone is carried in the blood to its target

Answer 0

Cells or organs

Question 1

A hormone is a regulating chemical produced by an

Answer 1

Endocrine gland

Question 2

The target cells have specifically shaped receptor molecules on their

Answer 2

Plasma membranes

Question 3

The main endocrine glands in humans are:

Answer 3

Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Thymus 
Adrenal glands
Pancreas 
Ovaries
Testes

Question 4

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) hormones are usually released in very small concentrations but they may be effective for

Answer 4

A long time

Question 5

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) are usually fairly small

Answer 5

Molecules

Question 6

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) some

Hormones are proteins or polypeptides, for example:

Answer 6

Insulin or adrenaline

Question 7

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) some are steroids, for example:

Answer 7

Testosterone or cortisol

Question 8

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) steroid hormones are lipid soluble so they can pass through

Answer 8

Plasma membranes

Question 9

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) inside the cell, steroid hormones bind to a specific receptor protein that carries it into the

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) inside the nucleus, the hormone-receptor complex binds to a length of DNA. This means that a specific gene is either

Answer 10

Switched on or off

Question 11

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) protein hormones bind to receptors in the

Answer 11

Plasma membrane

Question 12

(FEATURES OF HORMONES) proteins hormones - the hormone-receptor complex causes changes inside the cell, resulting in the activation of

Answer 12

Specific enzymes within the cell

Question 13

(COMPARING THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM) both the nervous system and the endocrine system involve responses being carried out in

Answer 13

Effectors as a result of the detection of certain stimuli by receptors

Question 14

(COMPARING THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM) in general the nervous system produces a rapid response and the endocrine system produces a

Answer 14

Slower, longer lasting response

Question 15

(COMPARING THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM)

Endocrine system:

Answer 15

Involves communication using hormones

Transmission involves hormones travelling in the blood system

Transmission is relatively slow

Stronger stimuli result in a higher concentration of hormone

Hormones travel to all parts of the body, but only affect their target organs

The effects are often widespread

The effect may be temporary and reversible or permanent and irreversible

Response is slow

Response is usually long-lasting

Question 16

(COMPARING THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM) the nervous system:

Answer 16

Communication is by nerve impulses but chemical neurotransmitters are used at synapses

Transmission is by nerve impulses along neurones

Transmission is rapid

Stronger stimuli result in a higher frequency of action potentials

Nerve impulses only travel to specific parts of the body

The effects of nervous communication are usually localised

The effect is temporary and reversible

The response is rapid

The response is short-lived