6.2

Question 0

The hypothalamus is very close to the

Answer 0

Pituitary gland

Question 1

The hypothalamus is part of the

Answer 1

Brain

Question 2

The hypothalamus contains neurosecretory cells, which are rather similar to neurones, that link it to the

Answer 2

Pituitary gland

Question 3

The pituitary gland is part of the

Answer 3

Endocrine system

Secretes hormones

Question 4

Endocrine organs are ductless and secrete hormones directly into body fluids, mainly blood
These hormones travel in the blood and change the

Answer 4

Activity of cells and organs some distance away

Question 5

The hypothalamus receives impulses from the

Answer 5

Cerebral cortex

Question 6

Cerebral cortex is part of the brain concerned with

Answer 6

Conscious thought
Interpretation of stimuli
Memory

Question 7

As a result of information received from the cerebral cortex, the hypothalamus sends out impulses along the

Answer 7

Sympathetic nerves

Question 8

(H) these impulses bring about changes in

Answer 8

Effectors (muscles or glands)

Question 9

(ADRENAL MEDULLA) there are 2 adrenal glands:

Answer 9

One above each kidney

Question 10

(ADRENAL MEDULLA) adrenal glands are

Answer 10

Endocrine glands

Question 11

(ADRENAL MEDULLA) the adrenal glands have an outer region called the adrenal cortex and an inner region called the

Answer 11

Adrenal medulla

Question 12

(ADRENAL MEDULLA) the main hormone produced by the adrenal medulla is

Answer 12

Adrenaline

Question 13

(ADRENAL MEDULLA) sympathetic nerves going to the adrenal medulla stimulate the release of the hormone

Answer 13

Adrenaline

Question 14

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) physical and mental stress causes the sympathetic nervous system to be

Answer 14

More active

Question 15

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) impulses from the cerebral cortex pass to the hypothalamus, which stimulates the

Answer 15

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 16

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) stimulation of sympathetic nervous system brings about changes in the body, including the release of the hormone adrenaline that prepare you to fight or run away - hence the name

Answer 16

Fight or flight response

Question 17

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) the hormone adrenaline and he sympathetic nervous system being about a number of changes and effects on:

Answer 17

Gut and breathing
Blood system
Blood glucose
Nervous system

Question 18

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) adrenaline & sympathetic effects on gut and breathing:

Answer 18

Smooth muscles in gut relax so the diaphragm can be pushed further down into abdomen

Bronchi become more dilated - allows more air to enter/leave lungs so more oxygen can be absorbed into blood and more carbons dioxide can be removed

Question 19

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) adrenaline & sympathetic effects on blood system:

Answer 19

The heart rate increases
Arterioles in gut and skin constrict since less blood is needed in these parts of the body
Arterioles supplying skeletal muscles dilate - ensures that an increased oxygenated blood supply is delivered so the body can be moved quickly

Question 20

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) adrenaline & sympathetic effects on blood glucose:

Answer 20

Glycogen stored in the liver and muscles is converted to glucose, providing the energy source required for increased muscle contraction

Adrenaline stimulates the release of hormone corticotrophin from the pituitary gland - stimulates the release of hormone cortisol from the adrenal cortex - converts fats and proteins to glucose

Question 21

(FIGHT OR FLIGHT) adrenaline & sympathetic effects on nervous system:

Answer 21

Pupils of the eyes dilate so that visual stimuli may be detected quicker

Adrenaline increases the sensitivity of the nervous system so that stimuli may be detected more rapidly and responses made more rapidly