6.2.4 Carbon-carbon Bond Formation Flashcards by Anna W

Q

What is the mechanism of formation for nitriles?

A

nucleophilic substitution
the nucleophile is the CN- ion

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Q

What are the reagents for the formation of nitriles?

A

haloalkanes with CN- and ethanol

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Q

Draw the mechanism of formation of nitriles

A

See notes

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Q

How can amines be produced from nitriles?

A

hydrogenation of nitriles form amines
hydrogen with nickel catalyst

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Q

How can carboxylic acids be produced from nitriles?

A

acid hydrolysis of nitriles forms carboxylic acid and ammonium salt
nitrile heated under reflux with dilute aqueous acid

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Q

What are the reagents for Friedel-Crafts acylation?

A

acyl chloride, benzene and halogen carrier catalyst

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Q

What are the regents for Friedel-Crafts alkylation?

A

haloalkanes, benzene and halogen carrier catalyst

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Q

How can C-C=-N be formed?

A

haloalkanes reacting with CN- and ethanol in nucleophilic substitution
or carbonyl compounds with HCN in nucleophilic addition

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Q

Draw the mechanism for formation of C-C=-N in nucleophilic addition

A

See notes

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