6.2 Thermal Physics

Question 1

Internal Energy

Answer 1

The sum of the randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a body

Question 2

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 2

The internal energy of a system is increased when energy is transferred to it by heating or when work is done on it

Question 3

Specific Heat Capacity

Answer 3

The amount of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of 1 Kg of a substance by 1 K without a change of state

Question 4

Latent Heat

Answer 4

The thermal energy required to change the state of 1 Kg of mass of a substance without changing temperature

Question 5

Latent Heat of Fusion

Answer 5

The thermal energy required to convert 1 Kg of solid to liquid without change of temperature

Question 6

Latent Heat of Vaporisation

Answer 6

The thermal energy required to convert 1 Kg of liquid to gas with no change in temperature

Question 7

Avogadro’s constant

Answer 7

the number of atoms of carbon-12 in 12g of carbon-12 is equal to 6.02 x 10^23 mol^-1

Question 8

Absolute zero

Answer 8

The temperature at which the molecules in a substance have zero kinetic energy

Question 9

Boyle’s Law

Answer 9

For an ideal gas with constant temperature, the pressure is inversely proportional to volume.

Question 10

Charles Law

Answer 10

If the pressure of an ideal gas is constant, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of gas

Question 11

Pressure Law

Answer 11

For an ideal gas with constant volume, the pressure is proportional to temperature.

Question 12

pressure in an ideal gas

Answer 12

The frequency of collisions of the gas molecules per unit area of a container