6.2 Reversible Reactions & Equilibrium Flashcards
What is a reversible reaction?
The product molecules themselves react with each other or decompose and form the reactant molecules again
What does “⇌” denote?
Reversible Reaction
What is the formula for the Haber Process?
N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃
Define Hydrated Salts
Contain water of crystallisation which affects their molecular shape and colour
What colour is anhydrous copper(II) sulfate?
White
What colour is hydrated copper sulfate?
Blue
What colour is hydrated cobalt(II) chloride?
Pink
What colour is anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride?
Blue
When can a reversible reaction reach equilibrium?
When the reaction is in a closed system
Why can equilibrium only occur in a closed system?
Equilibrium can only be reached in a closed vessel which prevents reactants or products from escaping the system
At equilibrium the forward rate of reaction is ___ to the rate of the reverse reaction
Equal
At equilibrium the concentration of reactants and products remains ___
Constant
Define Le Chatelier’s Principle
When a change is made to the conditions of a system at
equilibrium, the system automatically moves to oppose the change
If the temperature is raised:
The yield from the endothermic reaction ___
The yield from the exothermic reaction ___
Increases
Decreases
If the temperature is lowered:
The yield from the endothermic reaction ___
The yield from the exothermic reaction ___
Decreases
Increases
Where is hydrogen sourced from in the Haber Process?
Methane
Where is nitrogen sourced from in the Haber Process?
Air
State the conditions for Haber:
Temp:
Pressure:
Catalyst:
450°C
200 atm
Iron
What is the contact process?
Sulfuric acid is synthesised by the Contact process
State the symbol equation for the contact process
2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃
State the conditions for the contact process
A temperature of 450 ºC
A pressure of 2 atm (200 kPa)
vanadium oxide catalyst
