4.1 Electrolysis Flashcards
Define Electrolysis
The process in which a molten ionic compound is broken down by an electric current
Define electrode
A rod that conducts electricity into our out of an electrolyte
Define electrolyte
Ionic compound in a molten or dissolved solution that conducts the electricity
What is the anode?
The +ve electrode
What is the cathode?
The -ve electrode
What is a cation?
A +vely charged ion
What is an anion?
A -vely charged ion
Metals and hydrogens form __ ions
Positive ions
At which electrode does a metal/hydrogen form at?
Cathode (-ve)
If the metal is less reactive then __ is produced
Metal
If the metal is more reactive then __ is produced
Hydrogen gas
At which electrode does a non-metal form at?
Anode (+ve)
Describe the flow of electrons in terms of electrodes & electrons
Electrons move from the anode back towards the power supply then to the cathode
What are2 materials used for inert cathodes?
Platinum & Graphite
Half equation at the anode for Molten Lead(II) Bromide
2Br ⁻ –> Br₂ (g) + 2e⁻
Half equation at the cathode for Molten Lead(II) Bromide
Pb²⁺(l) + 2e⁻ –> Pb (l)
Define Brine
Concentrated Solution of aqueous sodium chloride
What are the 4 ions in brine?
Na⁺
Cl⁻
H⁺
OH⁻
What gases are produced in the electrolysis of brine?
Chlorine and Hydrogen gases
Half equation of brine at the cathode
2H⁺ + 2e⁻ –> H₂
Half equation of brine at the anode
2Cl⁻ –> Cl₂ +2e⁻
