6.2 Leaf Structure Flashcards
What is the function of the waxy cuticle in the leaf?
It prevents water loss and provides waterproofing while allowing light to pass through.
What is the role of the upper and lower epidermis in the leaf?
They act as protective layers that are thin and transparent, allowing light to pass through to the underlying tissues.
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells in the leaf?
These cells contain many chloroplasts and are responsible for the majority of photosynthesis in the leaf.
What is the role of spongy mesophyll cells in the leaf?
They contain air spaces that facilitate the diffusion of gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen within the leaf.
What are vascular bundles in the leaf composed of, and what is their function?
Vascular bundles contain xylem (which transports water and minerals) and phloem (which transports sugars and amino acids), supporting the leaf and aiding in the transport of nutrients.
What is the function of stomata in the leaf?
Stomata are small pores that allow the exchange of gases (CO₂ in, O₂ and water vapor out) for photosynthesis and respiration.
What are guard cells, and what is their function?
Guard cells surround the stomata and regulate their opening and closing to control water loss and gas exchange in the leaf.
How does chlorophyll aid in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen during photosynthesis.
How does the thinness of the leaf benefit photosynthesis?
The thinness of the leaf allows for quicker diffusion of gases (CO₂ into the leaf, O₂ out) and efficient light absorption.
What is the function of xylem in the leaf?
Xylem transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaf, which are essential for photosynthesis.
What is the function of phloem in the leaf?
Phloem transports the products of photosynthesis (mainly sugars) from the leaf to other parts of the plant.
How do stomata and guard cells help the leaf adapt to different environmental conditions?
Stomata control gas exchange (CO₂ in, O₂ out) and water loss, while guard cells regulate their opening and closing based on environmental factors such as humidity and light intensity.
How does the large surface area of the leaf benefit photosynthesis?
A larger surface area allows the leaf to absorb more light, which increases the efficiency of photosynthesis.
