6.1.8 Cellular Radio Internet Connections Flashcards
What frequency bands are used by Wi-Fi?
2.4, 5, and 6 GHz
These bands have limited range compared to cellular networks.
How does cellular radio wireless networking differ from fixed wireless internet?
Cellular radio networking covers much larger distances using mobile devices
Fixed wireless requires a large dish antenna.
What are the two competing formats of 3G cellular radio?
- GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
- CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
GSM uses SIM cards, while CDMA does not.
What does the area served by each base station in cellular networking refer to?
Cell
Each cell can have an effective range of up to 5 miles (8 km).
What frequency bands do 3G cellular radios typically operate in the Americas?
850 and 1,900 MHz
The rest of the world uses 900 and 1,800 MHz.
What does the code ‘3G’ represent in cellular networking?
Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) on GSM or Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO) on CDMA
3G can work at speeds up to around 3 Mbps.
What is HSPA in the context of 3G services?
High Speed Packet Access
HSPA+ can nominally work at up to 42 Mbps.
What is the primary standard for 4G cellular networks?
Long-Term Evolution (LTE)
LTE is supported by both GSM and CDMA network providers.
What frequency bands do LTE cellular networks typically operate in?
600 to 2500 MHz in the Americas and 700 to 2600 MHz elsewhere
LTE devices require a SIM card issued by the network provider.
What spectrum bands does the 5G standard use?
Low (sub-6 GHz) and medium/high (20–60 GHz)
Low bands have greater range; high bands require close range.
What technology is referred to as massive multiple input multiple output?
mMIMO
This technology is used in the rollout of 5G services.
True or False: 4G and 5G can only be used for mobile device internet connections.
False
They can also be used as fixed-access wireless broadband solutions.
Fill in the blank: The effective range of 3G cellular radio can be up to ______ miles.
5
The range can be affected by building materials.
What does the code ‘H+’ represent in 3G services?
High Speed Packet Access Plus (HSPA+)
Real-world performance is likely to be lower than nominal speeds.
What is the maximum speed of a 3G connection?
Up to around 3 Mbps
This applies to both UMTS and EV-DO connections.
What do the codes G, E, and 1X represent?
Minimal service levels with speeds of 50-400 Kbps
These codes indicate lower levels of connectivity.
What is a key feature of 5G network design?
Installation of many smaller antennas
This is necessary to overcome propagation limitations.
