6.1 temperature and ideal gas

Question 1

state the zeroth law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

if objects A and B are separately in thermal equilibrium with object C, then object A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other

Question 2

define empirical temperature scale

Answer 2

scale of temperature that is based on the variation with temperature of a property of a substance, assuming that the property varies linearly with temperature

Question 3

define absolute/thermodynamic temperature scale

Answer 3

scale of temperature does not depend on the thermometric property of a particular substance, and has absolute zero and triple point of water as fixed points

Question 4

define an ideal gas

Answer 4

ideal gas is a gas that obeys the equation of state pV=nRT perfectly at all pressure P, volume V, amount of substance n and temperature T

Question 5

state the basic assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases

Answer 5

1. the molecules are in constant, random motion
2. there are no forces of attraction between particles
3. total volume of particles is negligible compared to the volume of the containing vessel
4. collisions are perfectly elastic