600 CE-1450 CE Flashcards
Muslim
A follower of Islam
Islam
A monotheistic religion that developed in Arabia in the seventh century
Bedouin
Nomadic pastoralists of the Arabian Peninsula, early converts of Islam
Caliph
Political and religious successor to Muhammad
Sharia
A body of law governing the lives of Muslim
Dhimmi
People of the book, applied as inclusive term to Christians and Jews in Islamic territories, eventually included Zoroastrians, Hindus, and Buddhists
Dar al-Islam
An Arabic term that means “the house of Islam” and that refers to laws under Islamic rule
Shamanism
Mongol belief system, based on the premise that the visible world is pervaded by invisible forces and spirits that affect the lives of the living
Khanate
Regional Mongol empires that arose following that arose following the death of Genghis Khan
Three-field system
European agriculture technique where one-third of the land was left unplanted each year to increase fertility
Guild
Associations of workers in the same occupation in a single city; stressed security and mutual control; limited membership, regulated apprenticeship, guaranteed good workmanship, discourage innovation.
Vernacular
The native language of a country or locality. During the Middle Ages, works not written in Latin were said to be written in the vernacular
Parliament
Body that represents privileged groups; institutionalized feudal principle that rulers should consult their vassals. Modern term refers to a legislative body that makes laws and has the power to select or dismiss the head of government.
Bubonic Plague
Most common form of plague, characterized by swollen, tender, inflamed lymph glands, fever, and headaches. Human infection occurs when a person is bitten by a flea that has fed on an infected rodent. If untreated, the bacteria infects the bloodstream causing black patches on the skin, hence the name the Black Death. It can also infect the lungs causing the patient to cough up blood.
Epidemic
Outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly
Pandemic
Epidemic over a wide geographic area
Corvee Labor
Type of annual tax that is payable by labor. Used to complete state projects and to maintain roads and public facilities. Originally used in feudal societies.
Tribute
Payment in money, goods, or labor to a government. In China, tribute was an integral part of Confucian philosophy. Foreign regions that didn’t pay tribute to the Chinese emperor were not allowed to trade with them. In Western Europe, vassals and peasants paid tribute in exchange for protection.
Split Inheritance
Inca practice of ruler descent; all titles and political power went to successor, but wealth and land remained in hands of male descendants for support of the dead Inca’s mummy
Sovereignty
The exclusive right to exercise supreme authority over a geographic region or group of people.
Mita
Labor extracted from lands assigned to the state and the religion; all communities were expected to contribute; an essential part of Inca control.
