600 BCE-600 CE Vocabulary Flashcards

0
Q

Scholar-Gentry

A

In China, the class of prosperous families next in wealth below the rural aristocrats from which the rulers drew the administrative personnel. Respected for their education and expertise, these officials became a privileged group and made the government more efficient and responsive than in the past

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1
Q

Classic, Classical

A

Traditional, relating to a form or system felt to be of first significance before modern times

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2
Q

Mandate of Heavan

A

In Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority

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3
Q

Dynastic Cycle

A

The historical pattern of the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties

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4
Q

Filial Piety

A

Respect for parents and elders

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5
Q

Empire

A

A political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are governed by a single ruler

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6
Q

Aristocracy

A

Land-owning families who make up a small portion of the population

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7
Q

Direct Democracy

A

A government where all citizens rule directly rather than through elected or appointed representatives

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8
Q

Citizen

A

A member of a state; especially one entitled to the rights and privileges of a freeman

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9
Q

Rational Thought

A

To base ones’s opinion on evidence and reason rather than superstition or commonly accepted beliefs

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10
Q

Philosopher

A

Thinkers who use logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality

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11
Q

Tyranny

A

Form of government in which ruling power is in the hands of a person who has seized control through force or the manipulation of social groups

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12
Q

Oligarchy

A

Form of government in which ruling power is in the hands of a few leaders

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13
Q

Barbarians

A

Members of society considered primitive, savage, etc.

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14
Q

Paterfamilias

A

The legal head of the extended family in Rome and the only person who could own property. Made all the decisions affecting his wife, children, and son’s wives

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15
Q

Latifundia

A

A large-landed estate of Ancient Rome typically worked by slaves

16
Q

Autocracy

A

A government in which the ruler has unlimited power and uses it in any manner he chooses

17
Q

Dictator

A

A political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time

18
Q

Republic

A

A form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by the people

19
Q

Civil Service

A

The administrative departments of the government, especially those in which employees are hired on the basis of their scores on examinations