6 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology Flashcards
What are the components of a simple computer network?
- PC
- Switch
- Router
- Server
- Other networks: internet
What are protocols?
Rules that govern transmission of information between two points.
What is the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol?
(TCP/IP) is the common worldwide standard that is the basis for the Internet.
What are the four-five main layers of the Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP?
- Physical layer
- Data Link layer (MAC)
- Network interface layer (IP)
- Transport layer (TCP/UDP)
- Application layer
• Internet layer
What does the Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP consist of?
Four-five main layers.
What is the physical layer and what does it do?
The transceiver that drives the signals on the network.
It transmits and receives bits.
What is the data link layer responsible for and what does it do?
It is responsible for creating the and transferring frames with physical (MAC) addresses that move across the network.
What is the network layer responsible for and what does it do?
It is responsible for creating the packets with virtual (IP) addresses that move across the network.
What does the transport layer establish and what does it do?
It establishes the connection between applications with remote host on different hosts.
It is host-to-host communication that moves data between devices.
What is the application layer and what does it do?
It is the group of applications requiring network communications.
It generates the data and requests connections, between Host A (web browser) and Host B (web server).
What does the application layer ensure?
Ensures communication between applications on a network.
What is the first type of transmission media in the physical layer?
- Twisted wire
- Coaxial cable
- Fiber optics
What is the twisted wire?
Copper wire twisted in pairs. Use in Ethernet LAN and DSL (Digital Subscriber Line).
What is the coaxial cable?
Thickly insulated copper wire
What are fibre optics?
Strands of clear glass fibre.
Ultrafast Broadband.
What is the second type of transmission media in the physical layer and its subtypes?
Wireless Communication.
- Microwave
- Cellular
- Wi-Fi
What is Wireless Communication?
Use radio signals of various frequencies (Hertz) to transmit data.
What does a microwave do?
Transmit radio signals through the atmosphere.
What does celullar do?
Use radio waves to communicate with radio antennas called cells. Example: 4G.
What is Wi-Fi?
Wireless LANs and wireless Internet access based on 802.11 standards (300 feet from base station).
What are the functions of the modem?
- Digital (to computer).
- Analog (telephone line, cable system, wireless media, analog device).
What is the purpose of the IP Address?
To locate your device.
How do devices talk to each other?
Data transmission over the Internet through TCP/IP.
What is packet-switching?
Method of slicing digital messages into parcels (packets), sending packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling packets at destination.
How is packet switching efficient?
More efficiently uses network’s communications capacity.
How is packet switching better than other types of networks?
Previous circuit-switched networks required assembly of complete point-to-point circuit.
What does the pre-packet include before it is disassembled and reassembled?
- Packet number
- Message number
- Destination
What is LAN?
Local Area Networks that connect computers within a 500 metre radius.
What is IPv6?
New addressing scheme for IP numbers that will provide more than a quadrillion new addresses.
What is topology?
How components are connected together.
e.g. star, ring and bus topology.
What is IPv6 designed for?
To allow the Internet to grow steadily, both in terms of the number of hosts connected and the total amount of data traffic transmitted.
What is IPv6 not compatible with?
Current IPv5 addressing.
What is VPN?
Virtual private network (VPN): secure, encrypted, private network run over Internet.
What protocols are used for VPNs?
- PPTP (point to point tunnelling protocol)
* Tunneling
What is the internet?
A global system of interconnected computer networks that use the TCP/IP protocol to link devices worldwide.
What is the world wide web?
Online content that is formatted in HTML and accessed via HTTP protocol.
What is the main point of the internet?
A massive interconnection of computer networks around the world.
What is the main point of the world wide web?
Service provided by the internet.
What does the internet use?
Uses Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
What does the world wide web use?
Uses Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
What is a router?
A device that sends packets of data through different networks assuring they go to the correct address.
What is client/service computing?
Distributed computing model where clients are linked to one another through a network that is controlled by a network server computer.
What is a hub?
A networking device that sends packets of data to all other devices on the network.
