6] Stereotypes & Prejudice Flashcards
What groups are most prevalent bases for stereotyping
1] Sex
2] Gender
3] Race/Ethnicity
4] Age
What is modern racism
A form that surfaces in subtle ways when it is safe, socially acceptable and easy to rationalise
What is stereotype threat
Negative self relevant stereotypes cause anxiety/discomfort, causing stereotype conforming behaviour
What is implicit racism
It operates with less intention, control and awareness
What is a self fulfilling prophecy in relation to racism
Confirming negative stereotypes about their social groups
How does stereotype threat hamper academic achievement
1] Reactions to the threat directly interfere with performance
2] Can cause individuals to dismiss the domain as no longer relevant to their self esteem and identity
What is social identity threat
When people perceive that others are evaluating them as a member of their social group, this reduced our working memory capacity
What factor influences stereotypes and prejudice
Increasing self efficacy to address prejudice, used in anti-bias and diversity training
How does education reduce prejudice
By promoting tolerance and diversity to reduce bigotry and teaching mindfulness
Klandermans four steps in social movement participation
1] Becoming part of the mobilisation potential
2] Become a target of mobilisation attempt
3] Develop motivation to participate
4] Overcome barriers to participation
What is the importance of empathy
It reduces the capacity to harm others physically, verbally or indirectly (decisions)
Reducing prejudice: Intergroup contact theory
Direct contact between social groups reduce prejudice in ceryain conditions
Intergroup contact theory key conditions
1] Equal status
2] Intergroup cooperation
3] The need to achieve a common goal
4] Support by society
Intergroup contact theory: 4 processes of change
1] Learning about the out group
2] Changing behaviour
3] Generating affective ties
4] In group reappraisal
Intergroup contact theory: Contact works by…
1] Cognitive means
2] Behavioural means
3] Affective means
How do we influence bias and stereotypes: Multiple exemplars
Positive counter stereotypical exemplars influence implicit bias
How do we influence bias and stereotypes: Role models
Experience with or exposure to a relevant role model can inoculate individuals against the harmful effects of stereotypes
How do we influence bias and stereotypes: Mental imagery
Imagining a counter-stereotypical individual has been found to reduce gender bias
How do we influence bias and stereotypes: Education
Psycheducation, diversity training or raising awareness of stereotypes and implict bias can influence attitudes
How do we influence bias and stereotypes: Perspective taking
People adopt another’s perspective, reducing implicit and explicit bias
