6: Philes

Question 1

psychrophile

Answer 1

optimum temperature is low (<15C)

rarely pathogenic

Question 2

psychrotrophs

Answer 2

optimum temp of 15-30C

grow slowly in the cold

Question 3

mesophiles

Answer 3

grow at intermediate temperatures 20-40C

majority of medically significant microbes

inhabit animals, plants, water, soil, subtropical and tropical regions

Question 4

human pathogen optimal temperature

Answer 4

30-40C

mostly mesophiles

Question 5

thermoduric microbes

Answer 5

can survive short exposure to high temperatures, but are normally mesophiles

contaminate pasteurized food

Bacillus and Clostridium

Question 6

thermophile

Answer 6

optimal temperature >45C

range 45-80C

soil, water

Question 7

extreme thermophile

Answer 7

80-121C

Question 8

capnophiles

Answer 8

grow best at higher CO2 tension than is normally present in the atmosphere

Neisseria, Brucella, Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 9

acidophile

Answer 9

thrive in acidic environments

Euglena mutabilis, Thermoplasma, Picrophilus

Question 10

alkalinophiles

Answer 10

thrive in alkaline conditions

Natronomonas, Proteus

Question 11

osmophiles

Answer 11

high solute concentration

Question 12

halophile

Answer 12

prefer high salt concentration

Question 13

facultative halophiles

Answer 13

resistant to salt and do not normally inhabit high salt environments

Question 14

obligate halophile

Answer 14

require high salt concentration to survive