6 - Human Factors

Question 1

User Centered Design

Answer 1

The scientific discipline concerning
understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system,
and applying theory, principles, data, and other methods
to design of user interfaces in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance

Question 2

What type of error?

is repetitive and can be predicted.

It can be minimized by design and identified through usability testing and hazard analysis.

Answer 2

USE ERROR

USE = can be fixed by DESIGN / PROGRAM

Question 3

What type of Error?

due to fundamental errors by humans that has no reasonable possibility of prediction.

It is non preventable and non-addressable by the device designer

Answer 3

USER ERROR

USER = can NOT be fixed by designer

Question 4

Hazard vs Hazardous Situation vs Harm

Potential SOURCE of Harm

Always there, but just because it exists doesnt mean there WILL be harm

SHARK

Answer 4

HAZARD

Question 5

Hazard vs Hazardous Situation vs Harm

Exposure to a hazard.

Situation where harm CAN happen, but it still hasn’t

Answer 5

Hazardous Situation

Question 6

Hazard vs Hazardous Situation vs Harm

Physical Injury or damage

to the health of people / property / environment

Answer 6

HARM

Question 7

URRA

Answer 7

Use Related Risk Analysis
AKA
Use Risk Analysis / Usability Analysis / USE FMEA

• *URRA is a systematic assessment of the product’s**
• *Intended use** in the real world

Where it is going to be used

Who is going to use it

How someone could get hurt

Question 8

Risk Control Hierachy

Answer 8

1.Design out the use error
Another path UNDER the train

2.Prevent
BARRIER - Block cars from going to the train

3.Warn
Flashing lights / warning sounds for train

4.Inform
Simple sign to tell you there is a train

Question 9

Formative Studies

Answer 9

• *Qualitative**
• *5-8 Users** per distinct user group

Discover “Mental Model”
workflow / use causes - see how people use it

Uncover User difficulties

Gather User Needs
Experiment / Iterate / Optimize Interface

REDUCE ERROR / RISK

Question 10

Validation = Summative
STUDIES

Answer 10

• *Qualitative**
• *15 users** / distinct user group

Validate CRITICAL Tasks
essential device operaition / safety-related

System
Package / labeling / device

DEMONSTRATE
Safe & Effective Use