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History- uSA > 6- Cold War Rivalry > Flashcards

6- Cold War Rivalry Flashcards

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1
Q

What was agreed at the yalta conference

A

Germany & Berlin would be divided into 4 zones

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2
Q

What was agreed at the Potsdam conference

A

Each sector would be administered by one of the allies, Russia to receive bulk of reparations as they had highest casualties

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3
Q

What was the Truman doctrine

A

Contain communism

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4
Q

What was the Marshall plan

A

Financial aid to poorer countries who were at risk of communist take over.

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5
Q

Why did Stalin create a blockade? What did he do?

A

To starve allies out of West Berlin by blocking road, rail and canal traffic.

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6
Q

What was Truman’s response to the blockade? Why didn’t Stalin do anything

A

An airlift of supplies, Stalin didn’t want to risk war

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7
Q

Why was nato created and when

A

Promote peace in Europe&prevent soviet expansion, 1949

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8
Q

Why was the Warsaw Pact made and when

A

1955, counter the threat of NATO

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9
Q

When was the Berlin crisis, what happened?

A

1961, increased refugees leaving from east to west Germany (20,000 a month)

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10
Q

What was krushchevs solution to the Berlin crisis

A

Building the Berlin Wall

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11
Q

When was the Cuban missile crisis

A

1962?

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12
Q

When was the revolution in Cuba? What happened?

A

1959, USA supported Batista overthrown by Fidel Castro

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13
Q

What did Castro do to us businesses in Cuba, what happened as a result?

A

Ejected all US businesses,
USA refused to buy cubas biggest export (sugar)
USSR offered to buy it

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14
Q

What was the bay of pigs invasion

A

A failed invasion authorised by jfk that drew Castro closer to ussr

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15
Q

What did the ussr begin to install in Cuba? Why was it bad?

A

Ballistic missiles, major security issue as they were so close to the USA in Cuba.

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16
Q

What did jfk impose to stop missiles reaching Cuba?

A

A naval blockade

17
Q

What letters did Khrushchev send jfk

A

USSR would force through blockade and was prepared to use nuclear weapons in war.

18
Q

What did Khrushchev say to jfk asking him to remove missiles from Cuba

A

He would if USA removed missiles from turkey and didn’t invade Cuba

19
Q

The USA agreed to remove missiles from turkey but do what?

A

Make it a secret

20
Q

Who lead north Vietnamese, what political ideology was he?

A

Ho chi minh, communist

21
Q

Who lead the south, when was he overthrown?

A

Diem, 1963

22
Q

What was operation rolling thunder- was it successful?

A

A us bombing campaign in the hope to destroy Vietcong supply routes to the south. Unsuccessful and encouraged even greater support for the war from North Vietnam

23
Q

Who were the Vietcong

A

Supporters of north in south

24
Q

What was search and destroy?

A

Set fire to villages thought to be supporting Vietcong.
High civilian casualties

25
Q

How did guerrilla tactics compare to the us

A

Very effective in the jungle compared to high tech, ineffective us methods.

Us troops very inexperienced and didn’t understand why they were fighting.

26
Q

What caused Nixon to promise to withdraw from Vietnam

A

High levels to opposition to war at home due to casualties, media and failure to win

27
Q

When was the peace treaty, what happened to Vietnam?

A

Jan 1973, Vietnam because communist

28
Q

What was brinkmanship

A

Tactic of pushing the situation to the verge of war in order to encourage your opponent to back down

29
Q

How was chemical warfare used

A

Agent orange- a defoliant that destroyed jungle cover.
Napalm- a type of bomb that caught on fire and stuck to the victim

30
Q

What did the partial test ban following the Cuban missile crisis mean and when was it

A

1963, USA&USSR agreed to stop testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere

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