6- Cold War Rivalry Flashcards
What was agreed at the yalta conference
Germany & Berlin would be divided into 4 zones
What was agreed at the Potsdam conference
Each sector would be administered by one of the allies, Russia to receive bulk of reparations as they had highest casualties
What was the Truman doctrine
Contain communism
What was the Marshall plan
Financial aid to poorer countries who were at risk of communist take over.
Why did Stalin create a blockade? What did he do?
To starve allies out of West Berlin by blocking road, rail and canal traffic.
What was Truman’s response to the blockade? Why didn’t Stalin do anything
An airlift of supplies, Stalin didn’t want to risk war
Why was nato created and when
Promote peace in Europe&prevent soviet expansion, 1949
Why was the Warsaw Pact made and when
1955, counter the threat of NATO
When was the Berlin crisis, what happened?
1961, increased refugees leaving from east to west Germany (20,000 a month)
What was krushchevs solution to the Berlin crisis
Building the Berlin Wall
When was the Cuban missile crisis
1962?
When was the revolution in Cuba? What happened?
1959, USA supported Batista overthrown by Fidel Castro
What did Castro do to us businesses in Cuba, what happened as a result?
Ejected all US businesses,
USA refused to buy cubas biggest export (sugar)
USSR offered to buy it
What was the bay of pigs invasion
A failed invasion authorised by jfk that drew Castro closer to ussr
What did the ussr begin to install in Cuba? Why was it bad?
Ballistic missiles, major security issue as they were so close to the USA in Cuba.
What did jfk impose to stop missiles reaching Cuba?
A naval blockade
What letters did Khrushchev send jfk
USSR would force through blockade and was prepared to use nuclear weapons in war.
What did Khrushchev say to jfk asking him to remove missiles from Cuba
He would if USA removed missiles from turkey and didn’t invade Cuba
The USA agreed to remove missiles from turkey but do what?
Make it a secret
Who lead north Vietnamese, what political ideology was he?
Ho chi minh, communist
Who lead the south, when was he overthrown?
Diem, 1963
What was operation rolling thunder- was it successful?
A us bombing campaign in the hope to destroy Vietcong supply routes to the south. Unsuccessful and encouraged even greater support for the war from North Vietnam
Who were the Vietcong
Supporters of north in south
What was search and destroy?
Set fire to villages thought to be supporting Vietcong.
High civilian casualties
How did guerrilla tactics compare to the us
Very effective in the jungle compared to high tech, ineffective us methods.
Us troops very inexperienced and didn’t understand why they were fighting.
What caused Nixon to promise to withdraw from Vietnam
High levels to opposition to war at home due to casualties, media and failure to win
When was the peace treaty, what happened to Vietnam?
Jan 1973, Vietnam because communist
What was brinkmanship
Tactic of pushing the situation to the verge of war in order to encourage your opponent to back down
How was chemical warfare used
Agent orange- a defoliant that destroyed jungle cover.
Napalm- a type of bomb that caught on fire and stuck to the victim
What did the partial test ban following the Cuban missile crisis mean and when was it
1963, USA&USSR agreed to stop testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere
