6) Chapter 6. Laytime

Question 1

Laytime?

Answer 1

Time allowed by the shipowner to the charterer or bill of lading holder for loading or discharging the cargo on a voyage chartered ship.

Number of days or hours.
Number of tons per day.

Certain hour after notice of readiness has been tendered by the Master.

Question 2

Demurrage?

Answer 2

If the laytime is exceeded the owner or operator of the ship will be entitled to damages which called demurrage.

Question 3

7 Stages of calculation of laytime?

Answer 3

1. Read the relevant clauses in the governing contract.
2. Obtain statements of facts.
3. Determine how much laytime is available, or its duration.
4. Establish the commencement of laytime.
5. Allow for interruptions to laytime.
6. Establish when laytime will cease.
7. Calculate how much despatch or demurrage is payable.

Question 4

Statement of facts or Port operations Log?

Answer 4

Function of agent to produce a written record of events occuring during a vessel’s port visit.

Question 5

Categories of Duration of laytime?

Answer 5

1. Definite - how many days and hours are allowed.
2. Calculable
   - Tonnage calculations
   exmpl. loading 40,000t at a rate of 10,000t daily. 4 days. (depends on margin)

> Hatch calculations
- exmpl. discharge rate 175t per hatch daily. Total cargo of 7,000t. 5 hatches.

> Per hatch daily
7000/(5x175)= 8 days

> Per workable hatch daily
- Hatch must be capable of worked.
Space beneath the hatch
Cargo under the hatch at the discharge port.

3. Indefinite

Question 6

Calculable laytime?

Answer 6

• Tonnage calculations
  exmpl. loading 40,000t at a rate of 10,000t daily. 4 days. (depends on margin)

> Hatch calculations
- exmpl. discharge rate 175t per hatch daily. Total cargo of 7,000t. 5 hatches.

> Per hatch daily
7000/(5x175)= 8 days

> Per workable hatch daily
- Hatch must be capable of worked.
Space beneath the hatch
Cargo under the hatch at the discharge port.

Question 7

Indefinite?

Owner or operator will agree for his ship. to be loaded or discharged as per:

Answer 7

Custom of the port COP
Customary Despach CD
Customary Quick Despatch CQD
Fast as Can FAC

Question 8

Dead Freight?

Answer 8

Contracted cargo: 10,000t min/max
Loading rate: 2,000t daily
cargo supplied: 7,000t
deadfreight:3,000t (10,000t-7,000t)
laytime 7,000/2,000=3.5 days

Question 9

Laytime to have commencemed?

Answer 9

i) arrival, must be physically able to undergo cargo operation
ii) readiness to undergo cargo operations
iii) conformed with all contractual commitments

Question 10

How to perform calculation?

Answer 10

> Damages for Detention
Demurrage
Despatch
Averaging Laytime