6. Alkenes: Structure and Reactivity

Question 1

Olefin

Answer 1

Alkenes

Question 2

Ethylene and propylene are the most
important organic chemicals produced

Question 3

tetrasubstituted > trisubstituted > disubstituted > monosusbtituted

Question 4

More stable alkene gives off less heat

Question 5

Markovnikov
observed in the 19th
century that in the
addition of HX to alkene, the H attaches to the
carbon with the most H’s and X attaches to the other end (to the one with the most alkyl substituents

Answer 5

Markovnikov’s
rule

Question 6

More highly substituted carbocation forms as intermediate
rather than less highly substituted one

Tertiary cations and associated transition states are more
stable than primary cations

Question 7

The stability of the carbocation (measured by energy
needed to form it from R-X) is increased by the presence
of alkyl substituents

Question 8

Normal Expectation: Faster reaction gives more stable
intermediate

Question 9

Intermediate resembles transition state