6, 7, 8 Flashcards
analytical information
Encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.
attribute
Characteristics or properties of an entity class.
backward integration
Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.
business intelligence dashboard
Tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and includes advanced capabilities such as interactive controls, allowing users to manipulate data for analysis.
business-critical integrity constraint
Enforces business rules vital to an organization’s success and often requires more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.
business rule
Defines how a company performs a certain aspect of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer.
content creator
The person responsible for creating the original website content.
cube
The common term for the representation of multidimensional information.
content editor
The person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.
database
Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses).
database management system (DBMS)
Software through which users and application programs interact with a database.
data dictionary
Compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.
data-driven website
An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database.
data element (or data field)
The smallest or basic unit of information.
data governance
Refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data.
data model
A formal way to express data relationships to a database management system (DBMS).
data mart
Contains a subset of data warehouse information.
data mining
The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone.
data-mining tool
Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information and infer rules from them that predict future behavior and guide decision making.
data visualization
Describes technologies that allow users to “see” or visualize data to transform information into a business perspective.
data visualization tools
Moves beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, etc.
data warehouse
A logical collection of information—gathered from many different operational databases—that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.
dynamic catalog
An area of a website that stores information about products in a database.
dynamic information
Includes data that change based on user actions.
entity
In the relational database model, a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored.
extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL)
A process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads the information into a data warehouse.
foreign key
A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
forward integration
Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes.
informing
Accessing large amounts of data from different management information systems.
information cleansing or scrubbing
A process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information.
information granularity
Refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or “coarse” and abstract information).
information inconsistency
Occurs when the same data element has different values.
information integrity
A measure of the quality of information.
information redundancy
The duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places.
(see: Information integrity issues, 87)
information redundancy
The duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places.
infographics (information graphics)
Displays information graphically so it can be easily understood.
integration
Allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other.
integrity constraint
The rules that help ensure the quality of information.
logical view of information
Focuses on how users logically access information to meet their particular business needs.
metadata
Details about data.
physical view of information
The physical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk.
primary key
A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
query-by-example (QBE) tool
Helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database.
real-time information
Immediate, up-to-date information.
real-time system
Provides real-time information in response to query requests.
record
A collection of related data elements.
relational database management system
Allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database.
relational database model
A type of database that stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables.
relational integrity constraint
The rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.
transactional information
Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks.
static information
Includes fixed data that are not capable of change in the event of a user action.
structured query language
Users write lines of code to answer questions against a database.
