5A process of C3 photosynthesis

Question 1

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 1

A process in which photoautotrophs use energy from light to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen

Question 2

What is the location of photosyntheisis?

Answer 2

Chloroplasts

Question 3

Is chloroplasts double membrane?

Answer 3

YES

Question 4

What is the fluid in chloroplasts?

Answer 4

Stroma

Question 5

What is a stack of thylakoids called?

Answer 5

Granum

Question 6

What is the little membrane sac called in chloroplasts?

And what is the pigment found on it

Answer 6

Thylakoid

Chlorophyll

Question 7

where does light dependent stage happen?

Answer 7

in the thylakoijd membrane

Question 8

where does light INdependent stage happen?

Answer 8

Stroma

Question 9

What does the green pigment on thylakoids do?

Answer 9

Chlorophyl, captures and absorbs sunlight

Question 10

What is the PRIMARY PRODUCT of photosyntheisis

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

What is the equation of photosynthesis

Answer 11

6Co2 + 6H2o ——> C6H12O6 + 6O2

dont forget to include sunlight and chlorophyll on the arrow

Question 12

What does light dependent stage create

Answer 12

Creates high energy coenzymes to power the light INDEPENDENT stage

Question 13

What are the inputs AND outputs of Light dependent stage?

Answer 13

INputs
1. 12 H20
2. 12 NADP
3. 18 ADP + Pi
Outputs
1. 6 O2
2. 12 NADPH
3. 18 ATP

Question 14

What are the inputs AND outputs of Light independent stage?

Answer 14

INPUT
1. 12 co2
2. 12 NADPH
3. 18 ATP
OUTPUT
1. C6 H12 06
2. 12 NADP
3. 18 ADP + Pi
4. 6 h20

Question 15

What is the enzyme involved in Calvin Cycle

Answer 15

RuBisCO

Question 16

What does NADPH do

Answer 16

It carries hydrogen atoms and their electons needed for light independent reactions and acts as an coenzyme to RUBSICO

Question 17

If the input of light dependent stage has 12 H20
then where does the 1/2 hydrogen number go?

Answer 17

1. 1/2 of the hydrogens (12) travel through the thylakoid membrane and bind to NADP+ this makes 12 NADPH
2. 1/2 of the other hydrogens pile up in the thylajoid lumen to create a high concentration gradient between the lumen and the chloroplast stroma, which it then travels through ATP synthase to convert ADP + Pi to ATP

Question 18

what cell of the leaves have the largest number of chloroplasts

Answer 18

Mesophyll cells

Question 19

what are stomatas

Answer 19

Small pores on the leaf surface that allow gas exchange of c02 and oxygen, which close and open by guard cells.

Question 20

what happens to the hydrogen ions when split from h20

Answer 20

1. H ions are used to load up coenzxyme nadp to NADPH
2. Hydrogen ions travel down the concentration gradient to produce ATP from adp + pi

Question 21

What happens tro the oxygen when split from h20

Answer 21

1. Either released back to the envioment
2. Or used in aerobic cellular respiration

Question 22

What are the coenzymes involved in photosynthesis and where are they used

Answer 22

NADPH AND ATP used in the calvin cycle

Question 23

Is rubisco a quatenary or tertiary protien?

Answer 23

Quatanery protien

Question 24

What is the role of RUbisco

Answer 24

Catalyses the reaction of converting carbon from its inorganic gas form (c02) and turns it into an organic compound.

Question 25

What is the carbon fixation step

Answer 25

The tunring of inoranic carbon into organic compounds such as glucose.

Question 26

What is the problem with rubiscp

Answer 26

It undergoes photorespiration which is when oxygen binds to rubisco instead

Question 27

Why is it bad?

Answer 27

1.Wastes enegy 2.Disrupts photosynthesis by not producing glucose

Question 28

Why tf would rubisco even bind to oxygen instead of carbon?

Answer 28

1. Substrate concentration: When hot and dry conditions, stomata closes, oxygen gas is trapped from the light dependent stage which is near rubisco. 2. Tempreature: at high tempreatures rubisco has a high affinity to oxygen than c02

Question 29

Do c3 plants have nay adaptations to prevent photorespiration and where does it fixate c02

Answer 29

Has no adapatations, and fixates carbon dioxide in the mesophyll cells

Question 30

In c4 plants is the light dependent stage the same as c3

Answer 30

YES

Question 32

How is the light independent stage different in c4 plants compared to c3

Answer 32

The intial carbon fixation and rest of the calvin cycle is seprated into different cells( Mesophylll and bundle sheath cells)

Question 33

How does c4 plants work

Answer 33

C02 has a constant pump deom the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheath cells( in malate form) there will be a high concentration of C02 for rubsico which happens in the bundle sheath cells.

Question 34

What is an example of c4 plant and why are they sort of bad compared to c3 plants

Answer 34

Example: corn, sugarcane C4 plants use more enrgy for photosynthesis than c3 plants because ATP is needed to recycle pyruvate back into pep carboxylase

Question 35

Light dependent stage same for c3 and cam?

Answer 35

YES

Question 36

How does cam plants differ from c3 plants

Answer 36

Seperates the stages of photosynthesis over time

Question 37

What cell/s does CAM plants use

Answer 37

Just the mesophyll cells

Question 38

What happens at night for CAM PLANTS

Answer 38

Open their stomata at night to intake c02 and converts it into malate which is stored in the vacoules

Question 39

What happens during day for CAM plants

Answer 39

Close their stomata to prevent water loss, then releases malate to be broken down to c02 and to be used in calvin cycle

Question 40

How does this day and night shit even prevent photorespiration

Answer 40

The controlled release of malate ensures there is high c02 concentration near rubisco

Question 41

Does cam plants use less or more energy than c4 and c3

Answer 41

Uses the most mount of atp