57-Herbal Medications

Question 1

Echinacea-use, MOA, adverse

Answer 1

Inflammation, common cold/influenza
increases immune cells and inhibit COX and edema
CYP450 inducer

Question 2

Garlic-use, MOA, adverse

Answer 2

hypertension
(fibrinolytic activity), decrease length of common cold
inhibits ACE, decrease VSMC, increase NO, increase H2S
may induce p-glycoprotein transporter to decrease bioavailability of drugs

Question 3

Ginkgo-use, MOA

Answer 3

cognitive decline

resore serotonin receptor density

Question 4

Ginseng-use,adverse

Answer 4

common cold, diabetes, boost mental/physical performance

can induce hypoglycemia

Question 5

Milk thistle-use

Answer 5

liver disease, joint dysfunction, hepatitis, diabetes

Question 6

St. John’s wort

use, MOA, adverse

Answer 6

depression
increase serotonin receptors
may induce CYP450 or P-glycoprotein transporter (both of which would decrease drug levels/availability)

Question 7

saw palmetto use, MOA

Answer 7

BPH

inhibits conversion of testosterone into dihydrotesoterone (DHT) and blocks DHT binding to androgen receptors

Question 8

Butterbur, feverfew

Answer 8

migraine

Question 9

Coenzyme Q10

Answer 9

statin-induced myopathy, migraines, hypertension

Question 10

Glucosamine and chondroitin

Answer 10

osteoarthritis

Question 11

melatonin

use/adverse

Answer 11

insomnia

reduces sperm function in men and LH levels in women

Question 12

What supplements increase immune system funcion?

Answer 12

echinacea, ginseng

Question 13

What dietary supplements can cause bleeding?

Answer 13

Gingko, Garlic, Ginseng, Glucosamine/Chondroitin, Feverfew, CoQ10 (similar to vitamin K)