5.5: Injury and healing (part 2 of 2) Flashcards
What do ligaments and tendons have in common
Both have a soft tissue structure
Both made up of type 1 collagen
Ligaments connect
Bone to bone
Function of Ligaments
Restrict : joint motion
Provide : stability and propriception
Tendons connect
Muscle to bone
Function of Tendons
Transmit forces
Two types of sports related ligament and tendon injuries
Pivoting forces
Eccentric contraction - tendons
Two other types of ligament and tendon injury
Trauma
Laceration
An Avulsion injury occurs when
Bone breaks from where tendon or ligament is attached to
Describe a grade I injury
Slight incomplete tear
No notable joint instability
Describe a grade II injury
Moderate / severe incomplete tear
Some joint instability
One ligament may be completely torn
Describe a grade III injury
Complete tearing of 1 or more ligaments
Obvious instability
Surgery may be required
4 stages of tendon and ligament healing
Bleeding - first few hours
Inflammation
Proliferation - takes weeks/months
Re-modelling
3 General tendon and ligament operation complications
DVT
Infection
Prolonged immobility
5 specific operation complications
Neurovascular injury - sural nerve
Tendon re-rupture
Local infections
Ankle stiffness
Pressure sores from plaster or boot
Reduced strength
3 management options
Operative
Non-operative
Rehabilitation
