5.2 Theory of human rights

Question 1

What is theory of rights

Answer 1

system of ideas to explain the rationale of having rights based on general principles

Question 2

How did the idea of human rights get introduced

Answer 2

Introduced in constitutions when the idea that it was there from devine intervention died out because of progression in society.

Question 3

Define Natural Law

Answer 3

Rules that aren’t written down but yet society still follows them

Question 4

Define Constitutions

Answer 4

Set of rules that state how a country should be run and the specific rights of it’s citizens

Question 5

Examples of constitutions

Answer 5

• American Declaration of Independece (1776 but
  amended in 1791)
• Universal declaration of Human Rights (1948)

Question 6

What are the 5 theories of human rights

Answer 6

Theory of natural rights
Theory of legal rights
Theory of sociatal
Theory of historical rights
Thoery of economical rights

Question 7

What does the theory if natural rights state

Answer 7

Individuals have rights from the moment they are born to the moment they die. These rights are the basis of a peaceful, co-existing society.

Question 8

Who was the main philosipher behind this idea, and what did he believe

Answer 8

John Locke, stated that every human is entitled to the right of life, liberty and property, none of which can be removed by the government

Question 9

What is the theory of Legal rights

Answer 9

Rights come from the state, not individuals. Formulated by the state in order to run a society and try to maintain order

Question 10

What is Theory of Societal rights

Answer 10

What’s desireable by society becomes rights accepted by the society.
- Dependent on religion and views of the masses

• Saudi Arabia might have different views than Poland because of religion

Question 11

What is the Theory of Historical Rights

Answer 11

Applies to ELS, Custom creates a series of laws to the country, whihc envolve and spread with usage. These rights are always being tested.

Question 12

What is the Theory of Economic Rights

Answer 12

Idea that rights are created to protect the most dominant group in society. That society is controlled by the production and selling of goods and services.

• Because of this, argued that society was then split into classes and division

Question 13

Who was the main philosipher behind this theory of economic rights that had this idea

Answer 13

Karl Marx

Question 14

Economical Rights: What are the classes split into?

Answer 14

Exploiter vs exploited

Question 15

Rights vs Liberties, whats the difference

Answer 15

Rights are considered universal that all human beings are entitled to

Liberties are specific to a particular country

Question 16

What do fundemental rights come with

Answer 16

responsibilities and restrictions

Question 17

what is meant by responsibilities and restrictions

Answer 17

responsibilitites - citizens have to respect that others also have the same right as they have.

Restrictions - limiting a condition

Question 18

What are the 3 ways rights can be catagorised based off restrictions

Answer 18

Absolute rights
Limited rights
Qualified rights

Question 19

define absolute rights, and some examples

Answer 19

Cannot be restricted or removed in any way

Example: right not to torture

Question 20

define limited rights, and an example

Answer 20

can be restricted to the governments extent

example: freedom of movement, restricted if a person is lawfully arrested

Question 21

define qualified rights, and an example

Answer 21

needs to be balanced against needs of the people and restricted to benefit society

example: police may restrict movement in certain areas during a protest to avoid public order issues