5.2 Groups in the Periodic Table Have Properties in Common

Question 1

Metals

Answer 1

• Main type of elements on periodic table
• Almost all metals are solid at room temperature (high melting points)
• Exception mercury- melting point 22 degrees Celsius
• Metallic elements have many properties in common. Pure metals are usually:
• Lustrous (shiny)
• Able to conduct heat and electricity
• Malleable (beaten into new shape)
• Ductile (drawn into wire)

Question 2

Alkali Metals (Group 1)

Answer 2

• 1 electron in the valence shell
• Highly reactive with water
• Low melting points and soft
• React with air to form white substances
• React violently with water to produce hydrogen gas and an alkaline solution
• Reactions become more violent as you go down the group

Question 3

Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)

Answer 3

• 2 electrons in the valence shell
• Low melting points, soft, and reactive (less than alkali metals)
• React with water to produce hydrogen gas and an alkaline solution
• Reactivity increases as you go down the group
• Metals become less reactive across periods

Question 4

Transition Metals (Groups 3-12)

Answer 4

• Unique properties not shown by Group 1 or 2 metals
• Some are magnetic
• Gold and copper are exceptions (not silvery)
• Many form coloured compounds
• Many can form more than one compound with nonmetals